Acidic and basic hair/nail ("hard") keratins: their colocalization in upper cortical and cuticle cells of the human hair follicle and their relationship to "soft" keratins

doi:10.1083/jcb.103.6.2593

This Article

	Full Text (PDF, 5341K)
	Alert me when this article is cited
	Citation Map

Services

	Email this article
	Similar articles in this journal
	Similar articles in PubMed
	Alert me to new content in the JCB
	Download to citation manager

Citing Articles

	Citing Articles via HighWire
	Citing Articles via CrossRef
	Citing Articles via Google Scholar

Google Scholar

	Articles by Lynch, M. H.
	Articles by Sun, T. T.
	Search for Related Content

PubMed

	PubMed Citation
	Articles by Lynch, M. H.
	Articles by Sun, T. T.


Social Bookmarking

	What's this?

ARTICLES

Acidic and basic hair/nail ("hard") keratins: their colocalization in upper cortical and cuticle cells of the human hair follicle and their relationship to "soft" keratins

MH Lynch, WM O'Guin, C Hardy, L Mak and TT Sun

Although numerous hair proteins have been studied biochemically and many have been sequenced, relatively little is known about their in situ distribution and differential expression in the hair follicle. To study this problem, we have prepared several mouse monoclonal antibodies that recognize different classes of human hair proteins. Our AE14 antibody recognizes a group of 10-25K hair proteins which most likely corresponds to the high sulfur proteins, our AE12 and AE13 antibodies define a doublet of 44K/46K proteins which are relatively acidic and correspond to the type I low sulfur keratins, and our previously described AE3 antibody recognizes a triplet of 56K/59K/60K proteins which are relatively basic and correspond to the type II low sulfur keratins. Using these and other immunological probes, we demonstrate the following. The acidic 44K/46K and basic 56-60K hair keratins appear coordinately in upper corticle and cuticle cells. The 10-25K, AE14-reactive antigens are expressed only later in more matured corticle cells that are in the upper elongation zone, but these antigens are absent from cuticle cells. The 10-nm filaments of the inner root sheath cells fail to react with any of our monoclonal antibodies and are therefore immunologically distinguishable from the cortex and cuticle filaments. Nail plate contains 10-20% soft keratins in addition to large amounts of hair keratins; these soft keratins have been identified as the 50K/58K and 48K/56K keratin pairs. Taken together, these results suggest that the precursor cells of hair cortex and nail plate share a major pathway of epithelial differentiation, and that the acidic 44K/46K and basic 56-60K hard keratins represent a co- expressed keratin pair which can serve as a marker for hair/nail-type epithelial differentiation.
Add to CiteULike CiteULike Add to Complore Complore Add to Connotea Connotea Add to Del.icio.us Del.icio.us Add to Digg Digg Facebook Add to Reddit Reddit Add to Technorati Technorati Twitter What's this?

This article has been cited by other articles:

Suzuki, K., Yamaguchi, Y., Villacorte, M., Mihara, K., Akiyama, M., Shimizu, H., Taketo, M. M., Nakagata, N., Tsukiyama, T., Yamaguchi, T. P., Birchmeier, W., Kato, S., Yamada, G. (2009). Embryonic hair follicle fate change by augmented {beta}-catenin through Shh and Bmp signaling. Development 136: 367-372 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Zhang, Y., Andl, T., Yang, S. H., Teta, M., Liu, F., Seykora, J. T., Tobias, J. W., Piccolo, S., Schmidt-Ullrich, R., Nagy, A., Taketo, M. M., Dlugosz, A. A., Millar, S. E. (2008). Activation of {beta}-catenin signaling programs embryonic epidermis to hair follicle fate. Development 135: 2161-2172 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Larouche, D., Tong, X., Fradette, J., Coulombe, P. A., Germain, L. (2008). Vibrissa hair bulge houses two populations of skin epithelial stem cells distinct by their keratin profile. FASEB J. 22: 1404-1415 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Raymond, K., Kreft, M., Song, J.-Y., Janssen, H., Sonnenberg, A. (2007). Dual Role of {alpha}6beta4 Integrin in Epidermal Tumor Growth: Tumor-suppressive Versus Tumor-promoting Function. Mol. Biol. Cell 18: 4210-4221 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Kurek, D., Garinis, G. A., van Doorninck, J. H., van der Wees, J., Grosveld, F. G. (2007). Transcriptome and phenotypic analysis reveals Gata3-dependent signalling pathways in murine hair follicles. Development 134: 261-272 [Abstract] [Full Text]
List, K., Szabo, R., Molinolo, A., Nielsen, B. S., Bugge, T. H. (2006). Delineation of Matriptase Protein Expression by Enzymatic Gene Trapping Suggests Diverging Roles in Barrier Function, Hair Formation, and Squamous Cell Carcinogenesis. Am. J. Pathol. 168: 1513-1525 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Okada, T., Ishii, Y., Masujin, K., Yasoshima, A., Matsuda, J., Ogura, A., Nakayama, H., Kunieda, T., Doi, K. (2006). The Critical Roles of Serum/Glucocorticoid-Regulated Kinase 3 (SGK3) in the Hair Follicle Morphogenesis and Homeostasis: The Allelic Difference Provides Novel Insights into Hair Follicle Biology. Am. J. Pathol. 168: 1119-1133 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Andl, T., Ahn, K., Kairo, A., Chu, E. Y., Wine-Lee, L., Reddy, S. T., Croft, N. J., Cebra-Thomas, J. A., Metzger, D., Chambon, P., Lyons, K. M., Mishina, Y., Seykora, J. T., Crenshaw, E. B. III, Millar, S. E. (2004). Epithelial Bmpr1a regulates differentiation and proliferation in postnatal hair follicles and is essential for tooth development. Development 131: 2257-2268 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Kobielak, K., Pasolli, H. A., Alonso, L., Polak, L., Fuchs, E. (2003). Defining BMP functions in the hair follicle by conditional ablation of BMP receptor IA. JCB 163: 609-623 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Kikkawa, Y., Oyama, A., Ishii, R., Miura, I., Amano, T., Ishii, Y., Yoshikawa, Y., Masuya, H., Wakana, S., Shiroishi, T., Taya, C., Yonekawa, H. (2003). A Small Deletion Hotspot in the Type II Keratin Gene mK6irs1/Krt2-6g on Mouse Chromosome 15, a Candidate for Causing the Wavy Hair of the Caracul (Ca) Mutation. Genetics 165: 721-733 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Kaufman, C. K., Zhou, P., Pasolli, H. A., Rendl, M., Bolotin, D., Lim, K.-C., Dai, X., Alegre, M.-L., Fuchs, E. (2003). GATA-3: an unexpected regulator of cell lineage determination in skin. Genes Dev. 17: 2108-2122 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Ma, L., Liu, J., Wu, T., Plikus, M., Jiang, T.-X., Bi, Q., Liu, Y.-H., Muller-Rover, S., Peters, H., Sundberg, J. P., Maxson, R., Maas, R. L., Chuong, C.-M. (2003). `Cyclic alopecia' in Msx2 mutants: defects in hair cycling and hair shaft differentiation. Development 130: 379-389 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Rosner, A., Miyoshi, K., Landesman-Bollag, E., Xu, X., Seldin, D. C., Moser, A. R., MacLeod, C. L., Shyamala, G., Gillgrass, A. E., Cardiff, R. D. (2002). Pathway Pathology : Histological Differences Between ErbB/Ras and Wnt Pathway Transgenic Mammary Tumors. Am. J. Pathol. 161: 1087-1097 [Abstract] [Full Text]
McGowan, K. M., Tong, X., Colucci-Guyon, E., Langa, F., Babinet, C., Coulombe, P. A. (2002). Keratin 17 null mice exhibit age- and strain-dependent alopecia. Genes Dev. 16: 1412-1422 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Niemann, C., Owens, D. M., Hulsken, J., Birchmeier, W., Watt, F. M. (2002). Expression of {Delta}NLef1 in mouse epidermis results in differentiation of hair follicles into squamous epidermal cysts and formation of skin tumours. Development 129: 95-109 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Lin, M., Leimeister, C, Gessler, M, Kopan, R (2000). Activation of the Notch pathway in the hair cortex leads to aberrant differentiation of the adjacent hair-shaft layers. Development 127: 2421-2432 [Abstract]
Langbein, L., Rogers, M. A., Winter, H., Praetzel, S., Beckhaus, U., Rackwitz, H.-R., Schweizer, J. (1999). The Catalog of Human Hair Keratins. I. EXPRESSION OF THE NINE TYPE I MEMBERS IN THE HAIR FOLLICLE. J. Biol. Chem. 274: 19874-19884 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Manabe, M., Lim, H. W., Winzer, M., Loomis, C. A. (1999). Architectural Organization of Filiform Papillae in Normal and Black Hairy Tongue Epithelium: Dissection of Differentiation Pathways in a Complex Human Epithelium According to Their Patterns of Keratin Expression. Arch Dermatol 135: 177-181 [Abstract] [Full Text]
DasGupta, R, Fuchs, E (1999). Multiple roles for activated LEF/TCF transcription complexes during hair follicle development and differentiation. Development 126: 4557-4568 [Abstract]
Rogers, M. A., Winter, H., Wolf, C., Heck, M., Schweizer, J. (1998). Characterization of a 190-Kilobase Pair Domain of Human Type I Hair Keratin Genes. J. Biol. Chem. 273: 26683-26691 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Duboule, D. (1998). Hox is in the hair: a break in�colinearity?. Genes Dev. 12: 1-4 [Full Text]
Godwin, A. R., Capecchi, M. R. (1998). Hoxc13 mutant mice lack external�hair. Genes Dev. 12: 11-20 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Winter, H., Hofmann, I., Langbein, L., Rogers, M. A., Schweizer, J. (1997). A Splice Site Mutation in the Gene of the Human Type I Hair Keratin hHa1 Results in the Expression of a Tailless Keratin Isoform. J. Biol. Chem. 272: 32345-32352 [Abstract] [Full Text]
Keough, R, Powell, B, Rogers, G (1995). Targeted expression of SV40 T antigen in the hair follicle of transgenic mice produces an aberrant hair phenotype. J. Cell Sci. 108: 957-966 [Abstract]
Byrne, C., Tainsky, M., Fuchs, E. (1994). Programming gene expression in developing epidermis. Development 120: 2369-2383 [Abstract]
Blessing, M, Nanney, L B, King, L E, Jones, C M, Hogan, B L (1993). Transgenic mice as a model to study the role of TGF-beta-related molecules in hair follicles.. Genes Dev. 7: 204-215 [Abstract]
Wu, R., Galvin, S, Wu, S., Xu, C, Blumenberg, M, Sun, T. (1993). A 300 bp 5'-upstream sequence of a differentiation-dependent rabbit K3 keratin gene can serve as a keratinocyte-specific promoter. J. Cell Sci. 105: 303-316 [Abstract]
Pang, Y., Schermer, A, Yu, J, Sun, T. (1993). Suprabasal change and subsequent formation of disulfide-stabilized homo- and hetero-dimers of keratins during esophageal epithelial differentiation. J. Cell Sci. 104: 727-740 [Abstract]
Wick, M. R., Cooper, P. H., Swanson, P. E., Kaye, V. N., Sun, T.-T. (1990). Microcystic Adnexal Carcinoma: An Immunohistochemical Comparison With Other Cutaneous Appendage Tumors. Arch Dermatol 126: 189-194 [Abstract]
Kopan, R, Fuchs, E (1989). A new look into an old problem: keratins as tools to investigate determination, morphogenesis, and differentiation in skin.. Genes Dev. 3: 1-15 [Abstract]
Tazawa, T., Ito, M., Fujiwara, H., Shimizu, N., Sato, Y. (1988). Immunologic Characteristics of Keratins in Extramammary Paget's Disease. Arch Dermatol 124: 1063-1068 [Abstract]
Langbein, L., Rogers, M. A., Winter, H., Praetzel, S., Schweizer, J. (2001). The Catalog of Human Hair Keratins. II. EXPRESSION OF THE SIX TYPE II MEMBERS IN THE HAIR FOLLICLE AND THE COMBINED CATALOG OF HUMAN TYPE I AND II KERATINS. J. Biol. Chem. 276: 35123-35132 [Abstract] [Full Text]