The Journal of Cell Biology, Vol 128, 959-968, Copyright © 1995 by The Rockefeller University Press

ARTICLES

Embryonic axis induction by the armadillo repeat domain of beta- catenin: evidence for intracellular signaling

N Funayama, F Fagotto, P McCrea and BM Gumbiner
Cellular Biochemistry and Biophysics Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York 10021.

beta-catenin was identified as a cytoplasmic cadherin-associated protein required for cadherin adhesive function (Nagafuchi, A., and M. Takeichi. 1989. Cell Regul. 1:37-44; Ozawa, M., H. Baribault, and R. Kemler. 1989. EMBO [Eur. Mol. Biol. Organ.] J. 8:1711-1717). Subsequently, it was found to be the vertebrate homologue of the Drosophila segment polarity gene product Armadillo (McCrea, P. D., C. W. Turck, and B. Gumbiner. 1991. Science [Wash. DC]. 254:1359-1361; Peifer, M., and E. Wieschaus. 1990. Cell. 63:1167-1178). Also, antibody perturbation experiments implicated beta-catenin in axial patterning of the early Xenopus embryo (McCrea, P. D., W. M. Brieher, and B. M. Gumbiner. 1993. J. Cell Biol. 123:477-484). Here we report that overexpression of beta-catenin in the ventral side of the early Xenopus embryo, by injection of synthetic beta-catenin mRNA, induces the formation of a complete secondary body axis. Furthermore, an analysis of beta-catenin deletion constructs demonstrates that the internal armadillo repeat region is both necessary and sufficient to induce axis duplication. This region interacts with C-cadherin and with the APC tumor suppressor protein, but not with alpha-catenin, that requires the amino-terminal region of beta-catenin to bind to the complex. Since alpha-catenin is required for cadherin-mediated adhesion, the armadillo repeat region alone probably cannot promote cell adhesion, making it unlikely that beta-catenin induces axis duplication by increasing cell adhesion. We propose, rather, that beta-catenin acts in this circumstance as an intracellular signaling molecule. Subcellular fractionation demonstrated that all of the beta-catenin constructs that contain the armadillo repeat domain were present in both the soluble cytosolic and the membrane fraction. Immunofluorescence staining confirmed the plasma membrane and cytoplasmic localization of the constructs containing the armadillo repeat region, but revealed that they also accumulate in the nucleus, especially the construct containing only the armadillo repeat domain. These findings and the beta-catenin protein interaction data offer several intriguing possibilities for the site of action or the protein targets of beta- catenin signaling activity.
CiteULike    Complore    Connotea    Del.icio.us    Digg    Facebook    Reddit    Technorati    Twitter    What's this?

This article has been cited by other articles:

• Di Pasquale, E., Brivanlou, A. H. (2009). Bone Morphogenetic Protein 15 (BMP15) Acts as a BMP and Wnt Inhibitor during Early Embryogenesis. J. Biol. Chem. 284: 26127-26136 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Badde, A., Schulte, D. (2008). A Role for Receptor Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase {lambda} in Midbrain Development. J. Neurosci. 28: 6152-6164 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Chiang, P-M, Yuan, R-H, Hsu, H-C, Mao, T-L, Hu, R-H, Lai, P-L, Jeng, Y-M (2008). Frequent nuclear expression of {beta}-catenin protein but rare {beta}-catenin mutation in pulmonary sclerosing haemangioma. J. Clin. Pathol. 61: 268-271 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Moore, A. C., Amann, J. M., Williams, C. S., Tahinci, E., Farmer, T. E., Martinez, J. A., Yang, G., Luce, K. S., Lee, E., Hiebert, S. W. (2008). Myeloid Translocation Gene Family Members Associate with T-Cell Factors (TCFs) and Influence TCF-Dependent Transcription. Mol. Cell. Biol. 28: 977-987 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Hayward, P., Kalmar, T., Martinez Arias, A. (2008). Wnt/Notch signalling and information processing during development. Development 135: 411-424 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Wu, W., Xu, R. F., Xiao, L., Xu, H., Gao, G. (2008). Expression of the -Catenin Gene in the Skin of Embryonic Geese During Feather Bud Development. Poult. Sci. 87: 204-211 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Okuda, T., Yu, L. M. Y., Cingolani, L. A., Kemler, R., Goda, Y. (2007). beta-Catenin regulates excitatory postsynaptic strength at hippocampal synapses. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 104: 13479-13484 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Ingber, D. E., Levin, M. (2007). What lies at the interface of regenerative medicine and developmental biology?. Development 134: 2541-2547 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Perrais, M., Chen, X., Perez-Moreno, M., Gumbiner, B. M. (2007). E-Cadherin Homophilic Ligation Inhibits Cell Growth and Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Signaling Independently of Other Cell Interactions. Mol. Biol. Cell 18: 2013-2025 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Wei, Q., Yokota, C., Semenov, M. V., Doble, B., Woodgett, J., He, X. (2007). R-spondin1 Is a High Affinity Ligand for LRP6 and Induces LRP6 Phosphorylation and beta-Catenin Signaling. J. Biol. Chem. 282: 15903-15911 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Shoval, I., Ludwig, A., Kalcheim, C. (2007). Antagonistic roles of full-length N-cadherin and its soluble BMP cleavage product in neural crest delamination. Development 134: 491-501 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Kawakami, Y., Rodriguez Esteban, C., Raya, M., Kawakami, H., Marti, M., Dubova, I., Izpisua Belmonte, J. C. (2006). Wnt/beta-catenin signaling regulates vertebrate limb regeneration. Genes Dev. 20: 3232-3237 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Cho, S.-H., Cepko, C. L. (2006). Wnt2b/{beta}-catenin-mediated canonical Wnt signaling determines the peripheral fates of the chick eye. Development 133: 3167-3177 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Bachmann, R. A., Kim, J.-H., Wu, A.-L., Park, I.-H., Chen, J. (2006). A Nuclear Transport Signal in Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Is Critical for Its Cytoplasmic Signaling to S6 Kinase 1. J. Biol. Chem. 281: 7357-7363 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Voigt, J., Papalopulu, N. (2006). A dominant-negative form of the E3 ubiquitin ligase Cullin-1 disrupts the correct allocation of cell fate in the neural crest lineage. Development 133: 559-568 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Merki, E., Zamora, M., Raya, A., Kawakami, Y., Wang, J., Zhang, X., Burch, J., Kubalak, S. W., Kaliman, P., Belmonte, J. C. I., Chien, K. R., Ruiz-Lozano, P. (2005). From the Cover: Epicardial retinoid X receptor {alpha} is required for myocardial growth and coronary artery formation. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 102: 18455-18460 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Hendriksen, J., Fagotto, F., van der Velde, H., van Schie, M., Noordermeer, J., Fornerod, M. (2005). RanBP3 enhances nuclear export of active {beta}-catenin independently of CRM1. JCB 171: 785-797 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Yasunaga, T., Kusakabe, M., Yamanaka, H., Hanafusa, H., Masuyama, N., Nishida, E. (2005). Xenopus ILK (integrin-linked kinase) is required for morphogenetic movements during gastrulation. GENES CELLS 10: 369-379 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Li, J., Zhang, J. V., Cao, Y.-J., Zhou, J.-X., Liu, W.-M., Fan, X.-J., Duan, E.-K. (2005). Inhibition of the Beta-Catenin Signaling Pathway in Blastocyst and Uterus During the Window of Implantation in Mice. Biol. Reprod. 72: 700-706 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Chiao, E., Leonard, J., Dickinson, K., Baker, J. C. (2005). High-throughput functional screen of mouse gastrula cDNA libraries reveals new components of endoderm and mesoderm specification. Genome Res 15: 44-53 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Nadauld, L. D., Sandoval, I. T., Chidester, S., Yost, H. J., Jones, D. A. (2004). Adenomatous Polyposis Coli Control of Retinoic Acid Biosynthesis Is Critical for Zebrafish Intestinal Development and Differentiation. J. Biol. Chem. 279: 51581-51589 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Gottardi, C. J., Gumbiner, B. M. (2004). Distinct molecular forms of {beta}-catenin are targeted to adhesive or transcriptional complexes. JCB 167: 339-349 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Naito, M., Katayama, R., Ishioka, T., Suga, A., Takubo, K., Nanjo, M., Hashimoto, C., Taira, M., Takada, S., Takada, R., Kitagawa, M., Matsuzawa, S.-I., Reed, J. C., Tsuruo, T. (2004). Cellular FLIP Inhibits {beta}-Catenin Ubiquitylation and Enhances Wnt Signaling. Mol. Cell. Biol. 24: 8418-8427 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Weaver, C., Kimelman, D. (2004). Move it or lose it: axis specification in Xenopus. Development 131: 3491-3499 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Celso, C. L., Prowse, D. M., Watt, F. M. (2004). Transient activation of {beta}-catenin signalling in adult mouse epidermis is sufficient to induce new hair follicles but continuous activation is required to maintain hair follicle tumours. Development 131: 1787-1799 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Abzhanov, A., Tzahor, E., Lassar, A. B., Tabin, C. J. (2003). Dissimilar regulation of cell differentiation in mesencephalic (cranial) and sacral (trunk) neural crest cells in vitro. Development 130: 4567-4579 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Shin, H. S., Lee, H. J., Nishida, M., Lee, M.-S., Tamura, R., Yamashita, S., Matsuzawa, Y., Lee, I.-K., Koh, G. Y. (2003). Betacellulin and Amphiregulin Induce Upregulation of Cyclin D1 and DNA Synthesis Activity Through Differential Signaling Pathways in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells. Circ. Res. 93: 302-310 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Elul, T. M., Kimes, N. E., Kohwi, M., Reichardt, L. F. (2003). N- and C-Terminal Domains of {beta}-Catenin, Respectively, Are Required to Initiate and Shape Axon Arbors of Retinal Ganglion Cells In Vivo. J. Neurosci. 23: 6567-6575 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Wong, A. S.T., Gumbiner, B. M. (2003). Adhesion-independent mechanism for suppression of tumor cell invasion by E-cadherin. JCB 161: 1191-1203 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Bonne, S., Gilbert, B., Hatzfeld, M., Chen, X., Green, K. J., van Roy, F. (2003). Defining desmosomal plakophilin-3 interactions. JCB 161: 403-416 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Beardsley, A., O'Donnell, L. (2003). Characterization of Normal Spermiation and Spermiation Failure Induced by Hormone Suppression in Adult Rats. Biol. Reprod. 68: 1299-1307 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Ishitani, T., Kishida, S., Hyodo-Miura, J., Ueno, N., Yasuda, J., Waterman, M., Shibuya, H., Moon, R. T., Ninomiya-Tsuji, J., Matsumoto, K. (2003). The TAK1-NLK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Cascade Functions in the Wnt-5a/Ca2+ Pathway To Antagonize Wnt/{beta}-Catenin Signaling. Mol. Cell. Biol. 23: 131-139 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Lui, W.-Y., Mruk, D. D., Lee, W. M., Cheng, C. Y. (2003). Adherens Junction Dynamics in the Testis and Spermatogenesis. J Androl 24: 1-14 [Full Text]  
• Ireton, R. C., Davis, M. A., van Hengel, J., Mariner, D. J., Barnes, K., Thoreson, M. A., Anastasiadis, P. Z., Matrisian, L., Bundy, L. M., Sealy, L., Gilbert, B., van Roy, F., Reynolds, A. B. (2002). A novel role for p120 catenin in E-cadherin function. JCB 159: 465-476 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Lee, M. S., D'Amour, K. A., Papkoff, J. (2002). A yeast model system for functional analysis of {beta}-catenin signaling. JCB 158: 1067-1078 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• DasGupta, R., Rhee, H., Fuchs, E. (2002). A developmental conundrum: a stabilized form of {beta}-catenin lacking the transcriptional activation domain triggers features of hair cell fate in epidermal cells and epidermal cell fate in hair follicle cells. JCB 158: 331-344 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Christian, S. L., Sims, P. V., Gold, M. R. (2002). The B Cell Antigen Receptor Regulates the Transcriptional Activator {beta}-Catenin Via Protein Kinase C-Mediated Inhibition of Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3. J. Immunol. 169: 758-769 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Kadoya, T., Yamamoto, H., Suzuki, T., Yukita, A., Fukui, A., Michiue, T., Asahara, T., Tanaka, K., Asashima, M., Kikuchi, A. (2002). Desumoylation Activity of Axam, a Novel Axin-Binding Protein, Is Involved in Downregulation of {beta}-Catenin. Mol. Cell. Biol. 22: 3803-3819 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Weng, Z., Xin, M., Pablo, L., Grueneberg, D., Hagel, M., Bain, G., Muller, T., Papkoff, J. (2002). Protection against Anoikis and Down-regulation of Cadherin Expression by a Regulatable beta -Catenin Protein. J. Biol. Chem. 277: 18677-18686 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Petropoulos, H., Skerjanc, I. S. (2002). beta -Catenin Is Essential and Sufficient for Skeletal Myogenesis in P19 Cells. J. Biol. Chem. 277: 15393-15399 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Tian, Y. C., Phillips, A. O. (2002). Interaction between the Transforming Growth Factor-{beta} Type II Receptor/Smad Pathway and {beta}-Catenin during Transforming Growth Factor-{beta}1-Mediated Adherens Junction Disassembly. Am. J. Pathol. 160: 1619-1628 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Hofmann, I., Schnolzer, M., Kaufmann, I., Franke, W. W. (2002). Symplekin, a Constitutive Protein of Karyo- and Cytoplasmic Particles Involved in mRNA Biogenesis in Xenopus laevis Oocytes. Mol. Biol. Cell 13: 1665-1676 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Gradl, D., Konig, A., Wedlich, D. (2002). Functional Diversity of Xenopus Lymphoid Enhancer Factor/T-cell Factor Transcription Factors Relies on Combinations of Activating and Repressing Elements. J. Biol. Chem. 277: 14159-14171 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Chung, G. G., Provost, E., Kielhorn, E. P., Charette, L. A., Smith, B. L., Rimm, D. L. (2001). Tissue Microarray Analysis of {beta}-Catenin in Colorectal Cancer Shows Nuclear Phospho-{beta}-catenin Is Associated with a Better Prognosis. Clin. Cancer Res. 7: 4013-4020 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Galea, M. A., Eleftheriou, A., Henderson, B. R. (2001). ARM Domain-dependent Nuclear Import of Adenomatous Polyposis Coli Protein Is Stimulated by the B56alpha Subunit of Protein Phosphatase 2A. J. Biol. Chem. 276: 45833-45839 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Lamberti, C., Lin, K.-M., Yamamoto, Y., Verma, U., Verma, I. M., Byers, S., Gaynor, R. B. (2001). Regulation of beta -Catenin Function by the Ikappa B Kinases. J. Biol. Chem. 276: 42276-42286 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Satou, Y., Imai, K. S., Satoh, N. (2001). Early embryonic expression of a LIM-homeobox gene Cs-lhx3 is downstream of {beta}-catenin and responsible for the endoderm differentiation in Ciona savignyi embryos. Development 128: 3559-3570 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Kudoh, T., Dawid, I. B. (2001). Role of the iroquois3 homeobox gene in organizer formation. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 98: 7852-7857 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Mertens, C., Hofmann, I., Wang, Z., Teichmann, M., Chong, S. S., Schnolzer, M., Franke, W. W. (2001). Nuclear particles containing RNA polymerase III complexes associated with the junctional plaque protein plakophilin 2. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 10.1073/pnas.141219498v1 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Tolwinski, N. S., Wieschaus, E. (2001). Armadillo nuclear import is regulated by cytoplasmic anchor Axin and nuclear anchor dTCF/Pan. Development 128: 2107-2117 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Imbert, A., Eelkema, R., Jordan, S., Feiner, H., Cowin, P. (2001). {Delta}n89{beta}-Catenin Induces Precocious Development, Differentiation, and Neoplasia in Mammary Gland. JCB 153: 555-568 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Fearnhead, N. S., Britton, M. P., Bodmer, W. F. (2001). The ABC of APC. Hum Mol Genet 10: 721-733 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Hino, S.-i., Kishida, S., Michiue, T., Fukui, A., Sakamoto, I., Takada, S., Asashima, M., Kikuchi, A. (2001). Inhibition of the Wnt Signaling Pathway by Idax, a Novel Dvl-Binding Protein. Mol. Cell. Biol. 21: 330-342 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Lo Muzio, L. (2001). A Possible Role for the Wnt~1 Pathway in Oral Carcinogenesis. CROBM 12: 152-165 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Kase, S., Sugio, K., Yamazaki, K., Okamoto, T., Yano, T., Sugimachi, K. (2000). Expression of E-cadherin and {beta}-Catenin in Human Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer and the Clinical Significance. Clin. Cancer Res. 6: 4789-4796 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Wittchen, E. S., Haskins, J., Stevenson, B. R. (2000). Exogenous Expression of the Amino-Terminal Half of the Tight Junction Protein Zo-3 Perturbs Junctional Complex Assembly. JCB 151: 825-836 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Leong, L., Menko, A. S., Grunwald, G. B. (2000). Differential Expression of N- and B-Cadherin during Lens Development. IOVS 41: 3503-3510 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Hsu, H.-C., Jeng, Y.-M., Mao, T.-L., Chu, J.-S., Lai, P.-L., Peng, S.-Y. (2000). {beta}-Catenin Mutations Are Associated with a Subset of Low-Stage Hepatocellular Carcinoma Negative for Hepatitis B Virus and with Favorable Prognosis. Am. J. Pathol. 157: 763-770 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Noren, N. K., Liu, B. P., Burridge, K., Kreft, B. (2000). P120 Catenin Regulates the Actin Cytoskeleton via Rho Family Gtpases. JCB 150: 567-580 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Kawasoe, T., Furukawa, Y., Daigo, Y., Nishiwaki, T., Ishiguro, H., Fujita, M., Satoh, S., Miwa, N., Nagasawa, Y., Miyoshi, Y., Ogawa, M., Nakamura, Y. (2000). Isolation and Characterization of a Novel Human Gene, DRCTNNB1A, the Expression of Which Is Down-Regulated by {beta}-Catenin. Cancer Res. 60: 3354-3358 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Zhurinsky, J., Shtutman, M., Ben-Ze'ev, A. (2000). Differential Mechanisms of LEF/TCF Family-Dependent Transcriptional Activation by beta -Catenin and Plakoglobin. Mol. Cell. Biol. 20: 4238-4252 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Montross, W., Ji, H, McCrea, P. (2000). A beta-catenin/engrailed chimera selectively suppresses Wnt signaling. J. Cell Sci. 113: 1759-1770 [Abstract]  
• Charpentier, E., Lavker, R. M., Acquista, E., Cowin, P. (2000). Plakoglobin Suppresses Epithelial Proliferation and Hair Growth in Vivo. JCB 149: 503-520 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Hatzfeld, M., Haffner, C., Schulze, K., Vinzens, U. (2000). The Function of Plakophilin 1 in Desmosome Assembly and Actin Filament Organization. JCB 149: 209-222 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Sorkin, B. C., Wang, M. Y., Dobeck, J. M., Albergo, K. L., Skobe, Z. (2000). The Cadherin-Catenin Complex Is Expressed Alternately with the Adenomatous Polyposis Coli Protein During Rat Incisor Amelogenesis. J. Histochem. Cytochem. 48: 397-406 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Farr, G. H. III, Ferkey, D. M., Yost, C., Pierce, S. B., Weaver, C., Kimelman, D. (2000). Interaction among Gsk-3, Gbp, Axin, and APC in Xenopus Axis Specification. JCB 148: 691-702 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Huelsken, J., Vogel, R., Brinkmann, V., Erdmann, B., Birchmeier, C., Birchmeier, W. (2000). Requirement for {beta}-Catenin in Anterior-Posterior Axis Formation in Mice. JCB 148: 567-578 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Tavares, A., Tsukui, T, Izpisua Belmonte, J. (2000). Evidence that members of the Cut/Cux/CDP family may be involved in AER positioning and polarizing activity during chick limb development. Development 127: 5133-5144 [Abstract]  
• Thoreson, M. A., Anastasiadis, P. Z., Daniel, J. M., Ireton, R. C., Wheelock, M. J., Johnson, K. R., Hummingbird, D. K., Reynolds, A. B. (2000). Selective Uncoupling of P120ctn from E-Cadherin Disrupts Strong Adhesion. JCB 148: 189-202 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Zhurinsky, J, Shtutman, M, Ben-Ze'ev, A (2000). Plakoglobin and beta-catenin: protein interactions, regulation and biological roles. J. Cell Sci. 113: 3127-3139 [Abstract]  
• Kelly, C, Chin, A., Leatherman, J., Kozlowski, D., Weinberg, E. (2000). Maternally controlled (beta)-catenin-mediated signaling is required for organizer formation in the zebrafish. Development 127: 3899-3911 [Abstract]  
• Imai, K, Takada, N, Satoh, N, Satou, Y (2000). (beta)-catenin mediates the specification of endoderm cells in ascidian embryos. Development 127: 3009-3020 [Abstract]  
• Hartmann, C, Tabin, C. (2000). Dual roles of Wnt signaling during chondrogenesis in the chicken limb. Development 127: 3141-3159 [Abstract]  
• Dominguez, I, Green, J. (2000). Dorsal downregulation of GSK3beta by a non-Wnt-like mechanism is an early molecular consequence of cortical rotation in early Xenopus embryos. Development 127: 861-868 [Abstract]  
• Nelson, R. W., Gumbiner, B. M. (1999). A Cell-Free Assay System for {beta}-Catenin Signaling That Recapitulates Direct Inductive Events in the Early Xenopus laevis Embryo. JCB 147: 367-374 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Kodama, S., Ikeda, S., Asahara, T., Kishida, M., Kikuchi, A. (1999). Axin Directly Interacts with Plakoglobin and Regulates Its Stability. J. Biol. Chem. 274: 27682-27688 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Hecht, A., Litterst, C. M., Huber, O., Kemler, R. (1999). Functional Characterization of Multiple Transactivating Elements in beta -Catenin, Some of Which Interact with the TATA-binding Protein in Vitro. J. Biol. Chem. 274: 18017-18025 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Prieve, M. G., Waterman, M. L. (1999). Nuclear Localization and Formation of beta -Catenin-Lymphoid Enhancer Factor 1 Complexes Are Not Sufficient for Activation of Gene Expression. Mol. Cell. Biol. 19: 4503-4515 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Fagotto, F., Jho, E.-h., Zeng, L., Kurth, T., Joos, T., Kaufmann, C., Costantini, F. (1999). Domains of Axin Involved in Protein-Protein Interactions, Wnt Pathway Inhibition, and Intracellular Localization. JCB 145: 741-756 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Yokoya, F., Imamoto, N., Tachibana, T., Yoneda, Y. (1999). beta -Catenin Can Be Transported into the Nucleus in a Ran-unassisted Manner. Mol. Biol. Cell 10: 1119-1131 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Lu, Q., Paredes, M., Medina, M., Zhou, J., Cavallo, R., Peifer, M., Orecchio, L., Kosik, K. S. (1999). {delta}-catenin, an Adhesive Junction-associated Protein Which Promotes Cell Scattering. JCB 144: 519-532 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Torres, M. A., Eldar-Finkelman, H., Krebs, E. G., Moon, R. T. (1999). Regulation of Ribosomal S6 Protein Kinase-p90rsk, Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3, and beta -Catenin in Early Xenopus Development. Mol. Cell. Biol. 19: 1427-1437 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Zhong, Y., Brieher, W. M., Gumbiner, B. M. (1999). Analysis of C-cadherin Regulation during Tissue Morphogenesis with an Activating Antibody. JCB 144: 351-359 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Noramly, S, Freeman, A, Morgan, B. (1999). beta-catenin signaling can initiate feather bud development. Development 126: 3509-3521 [Abstract]  
• Brannon, M, Brown, J., Bates, R, Kimelman, D, Moon, R. (1999). XCtBP is a XTcf-3 co-repressor with roles throughout Xenopus development. Development 126: 3159-3170 [Abstract]  
• Zhu, A., Watt, F. (1999). beta-catenin signalling modulates proliferative potential of human epidermal keratinocytes independently of intercellular adhesion. Development 126: 2285-2298 [Abstract]  
• Orsulic, S, Huber, O, Aberle, H, Arnold, S, Kemler, R (1999). E-cadherin binding prevents beta-catenin nuclear localization and beta-catenin/LEF-1-mediated transactivation. J. Cell Sci. 112: 1237-1245 [Abstract]  
• Cox, R., Pai, L., Miller, J., Orsulic, S, Stein, J, McCormick, C., Audeh, Y, Wang, W, Moon, R., Peifer, M (1999). Membrane-tethered Drosophila Armadillo cannot transduce Wingless signal on its own. Development 126: 1327-1335 [Abstract]  
• KORSWAGEN, H.C., CLEVERS, H.C. (1999). Activation and Repression of Wingless/Wnt Target Genes by the TCF/LEF-1 Family of Transcription Factors. Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol 64: 141-148 [Abstract]  
• Logan, C., Miller, J., Ferkowicz, M., McClay, D. (1999). Nuclear beta-catenin is required to specify vegetal cell fates in the sea urchin embryo. Development 126: 345-357 [Abstract]  
• Nawrocki, B., Polette, M., Van Hengel, J., Tournier, J.-M., Van Roy, F., Birembaut, P. (1998). Cytoplasmic Redistribution of E-Cadherin-Catenin Adhesion Complex Is Associated with Down-Regulated Tyrosine Phosphorylation of E-Cadherin in Human Bronchopulmonary Carcinomas. Am. J. Pathol. 153: 1521-1530 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Benson, D. L., Tanaka, H. (1998). N-Cadherin Redistribution during Synaptogenesis in Hippocampal Neurons. J. Neurosci. 18: 6892-6904 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Efstathiou, J. A., Pignatelli, M. (1998). Modulation of Epithelial Cell Adhesion in Gastrointestinal Homeostasis. Am. J. Pathol. 153: 341-347 [Full Text]  
• JANMEY, P. A. (1998). The Cytoskeleton and Cell Signaling: Component Localization and Mechanical Coupling. Physiol. Rev. 78: 763-781 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Simcha, I., Shtutman, M., Salomon, D., Zhurinsky, J., Sadot, E., Geiger, B., Ben-Ze'ev, A. (1998). Differential Nuclear Translocation and Transactivation Potential of {beta}-Catenin and Plakoglobin. JCB 141: 1433-1448 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Kengaku, M., Capdevila, J., Rodriguez-Esteban, C., De La Peña, J., Johnson, R. L., Belmonte, J. C. I., Tabin, C. J. (1998). Distinct WNT Pathways Regulating AER Formation and Dorsoventral Polarity in the Chick Limb Bud. Science 280: 1274-1277 [Abstract] [Full Text]  

Home | Help | Feedback | Subscriptions | Archive | Search | Table of Contents