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© The Rockefeller University Press, 0021-9525/1997//845 $5.00
The Journal of Cell Biology, Volume 136, Number 4, , 1997 845-857

Article

Microtubule-associated Protein 2c Reorganizes Both Microtubules and Microfilaments into Distinct Cytological Structures in an Actin-binding Protein-280–deficient Melanoma Cell Line



C. Casey Cunningham*, Nicole Leclerc{ddagger}, Lisa A. Flanagan*, Mei Lu{ddagger}, Paul A. Janmey*, and Kenneth S. Kosik{ddagger}

* Department of Medicine, Division of Experimental Medicine, {ddagger} Department of Neurology, Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115

The emergence of processes from cells often involves interactions between microtubules and microfilaments. Interactions between these two cytoskeletal systems are particularly apparent in neuronal growth cones. The juvenile isoform of the neuronal microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2c) is present in growth cones, where we hypothesize it mediates interactions between microfilaments and microtubules. To approach this problem in vivo, we used the human melanoma cell, M2, which lacks actin-binding protein-280 (ABP-280) and forms membrane blebs, which are not seen in wild-type or ABP-transfected cells. The microinjection of tau or mature MAP2 rescued the blebbing phenotype; MAP2c not only caused cessation of blebbing but also induced the formation of two distinct cellular structures. These were actin-rich lamellae, which often included membrane ruffles, and microtubule-bearing processes. The lamellae collapsed after treatment with cytochalasin D, and the processes retracted after treatment with colchicine. MAP2c was immunocytochemically visualized in zones of the cell that were devoid of tubulin, such as regions within the lamellae and in association with membrane ruffles. In vitro rheometry confirmed that MAP2c is an efficient actin gelation protein capable of organizing actin filaments into an isotropic array at very low concentrations; tau and mature MAP2 do not share this rheologic property. These results suggest that MAP2c engages in functionally specific interactions not only with microtubules but also with microfilaments.

Abbreviations used in this paper: ABP, actin-binding protein; CD, cytochalasin D; DIC, differential interference contrast; MAP, microtubuleassociated protein; Sf9, Spodoptera frugiperda.

Address all correspondence to Kenneth S. Kosik, Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 221 Longwood Avenue- LMRC 112, Boston, MA 02115. Tel.: (617) 732-6460. Fax: (617) 732-7787.


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