Brain Myosin V Is a Synaptic Vesicle-associated Motor Protein: Evidence for a Ca2+-dependent Interaction with the Synaptobrevin-Synaptophysin Complex

doi:10.1083/jcb.137.7.1589

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© The Rockefeller University Press, 0021-9525/1997//1589 $5.00
The Journal of Cell Biology, Volume 137, Number 7, , 1997 1589-1601

Article

Brain Myosin V Is a Synaptic Vesicle-associated Motor Protein: Evidence for a Ca²⁺-dependent Interaction with the Synaptobrevin–Synaptophysin Complex

Rytis Prekeris and David M. Terrian

Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, East Carolina University School of Medicine, Greenville, North Carolina 27858

Brain myosin V is a member of a widely distributed class ofunconventional myosins that may be of central importance toorganelle trafficking in all eukaryotic cells. Molecular constituentsthat target this molecular motor to organelles have not beenpreviously identified. Using a combination of immunopurification,extraction, cross-linking, and coprecipitation assays, we demonstratethat the tail domain of brain myosin V forms a stable complexwith the synaptic vesicle membrane proteins, synaptobrevin IIand synaptophysin. While myosin V was principally bound to synapticvesicles during rest, this putative transport complex waspromptly disassembled upon the depolarization-induced entryof Ca²⁺ into intact nerve endings. Coimmunoprecipitation assaysfurther indicate that Ca²⁺ disrupts the in vitro binding ofsynaptobrevin II to synaptophysin in the presence but notin the absence of Mg²⁺. We conclude that hydrophilic forcesreversibly couple the myosin V tail to a biochemically defined class of organelles in brain nerve terminals.

Abbreviations used in this paper: ATP ${gamma}$ S, adenosine 5'-O'[3-thiotriphosphate]; BDM, 2,3-butanedione-2-monoxime; DiSC₂(5), 3,3'-diethylthiadicarbocyanine iodide; DTSP, dithiobis(succinimidyl propionate); LS1, synaptosomal lysate supernatant; syb, synaptobrevin; syp, synaptophysin; syt, synaptotagmin; t-SNARE, target membrane SNAP receptor.

Please address all correspondence to David M. Terrian, Departmentof Anatomy and Cell Biology, East Carolina University Schoolof Medicine, Greenville, NC 27858-4354. Tel.: (919) 816-3247.Fax: (919) 816-2850.

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