A Yeast Mutant Showing Diagnostic Markers of Early and Late Apoptosis

doi:10.1083/jcb.139.3.729

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J. Cell Biol., Volume 139, Number 3, November 3, 1997 729-734

A Yeast Mutant Showing Diagnostic Markers of Early and Late Apoptosis

Frank Madeo,^* Eleonore Fröhlich, and Kai-Uwe Fröhlich^*

^* Physiologisch-chemisches Institut, Universität Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; and Anatomisches Institut, Universität Tübingen, 72072 Tübingen, Germany

A Saccharomyces cerevisiae mutant in cell division cycle gene CDC48 shows typical markers of apoptosis: membrane stainingwith annexin V, indicating an exposure of phosphatidylserine atthe outer layer of the cytoplasmic membrane; intense staining,using the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTPnick end labeling method, indicating DNA fragmentation; and chromatincondensation and fragmentation. The coordinate occurrence of theseevents at different locations in the cell, which have no obviousconnection except their relation to apoptosis, implies the presenceof the molecular machinery performing the basic steps of apoptosisalready in yeast. Saccharomyces cerevisiae may prove a suitablemodel to trace the roots of apoptosis.

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