The Sleep-inducing Lipid Oleamide Deconvolutes Gap Junction Communication and Calcium Wave Transmission in Glial Cells

doi:10.1083/jcb.139.7.1785

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© The Rockefeller University Press, 0021-9525/1997//1785 $5.00
The Journal of Cell Biology, Volume 139, Number 7, , 1997 1785-1792

Article

The Sleep-inducing Lipid Oleamide Deconvolutes Gap Junction Communication and Calcium Wave Transmission in Glial Cells

Xiaojun Guan^*, Benjamin F. Cravatt^*^,, George R. Ehring^||, James E. Hall^||, Dale L. Boger, Richard A. Lerner, and Norton B. Gilula^*

^* Department of Cell Biology, Department of Chemistry, The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037; and ^|| Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, California 92717

Oleamide is a sleep-inducing lipid originally isolated fromthe cerebrospinal fluid of sleep-deprived cats. Oleamide wasfound to potently and selectively inactivate gap junction–mediatedcommunication between rat glial cells. In contrast, oleamidehad no effect on mechanically stimulated calcium wave transmission in this same cell type. Other chemical compounds traditionallyused as inhibitors of gap junctional communication, like heptanoland 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid, blocked not only gap junctionalcommunication but also intercellular calcium signaling. Giventhe central role for intercellular small molecule and electricalsignaling in central nervous system function, oleamide- inducedinactivation of glial cell gap junction channels may serveto regulate communication between brain cells, and in doingso, may influence higher order neuronal events like sleep induction.

1. Abbreviation used in this paper: 18β-GA, 18β-glycyrrhetinicacid.

B.F. Cravatt was supported by a Predoctoral Fellowship fromthe National Science Foundation. This work was supported bythe National Institutes of Health and the Lucille P. MarkeyCharitable Trust.

Address all correspondence to Norton B. Gilula, Department ofCell Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. TorreyPines Rd., La Jolla, CA 92037. Tel.: (619) 784-9770. Fax: (619)784-2345. E-mail: nbg{at}scripps.edu

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