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J. Cell Biol.,
Volume 140, Number 1, January 12, 1998 197-210
E
7 with E-Cadherin



* The Lymphocyte Biology Section, The cadherins are a family of homophilic adhesion molecules that play a vital role in the formation
of cellular junctions and in tissue morphogenesis. Members of the integrin family are also involved in cell to
cell adhesion, but bind heterophilically to immunoglobulin superfamily molecules such as intracellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1, vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1, or mucosal addressin cell adhesion
molecule (MadCAM)-1. Recently, an interaction between epithelial (E-) cadherin and the mucosal lymphocyte integrin, The binding of
Renal Division, Department of
Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; § Combined Program in
Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, and Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston,
Massachusetts 02115; and
Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Beckman Center, Stanford University School of
Medicine, Stanford, California 94305
E
7, has been proposed. Here, we
demonstrate that a human E-cadherin-Fc fusion protein binds directly to soluble recombinant
E
7, and to
E
7 solubilized from intraepithelial T lymphocytes.
Furthermore, intraepithelial lymphocytes or transfected JY
cells expressing the
E
7 integrin adhere
strongly to purified E-cadherin-Fc coated on plastic,
and the adhesion can be inhibited by antibodies to
E
7
or E-cadherin.
E
7 integrin to cadherins is selective
since cell adhesion to P-cadherin-Fc through
E
7 requires >100-fold more fusion protein than to E-cadherin-Fc. Although the structure of the
E-chain is
unique among integrins, the avidity of
E
7 for E-cadherin can be regulated by divalent cations or phorbol myristate acetate. Cross-linking of the T cell receptor
complex on intraepithelial lymphocytes increases the
avidity of
E
7 for E-cadherin, and may provide a
mechanism for the adherence and activation of lymphocytes within the epithelium in the presence of specific foreign antigen. Thus, despite its dissimilarity to known integrin ligands, the specific molecular interaction demonstrated here indicates that E-cadherin is a
direct counter receptor for the
E
7 integrin.
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