Visualization of the Dynamics of Synaptic Vesicle and Plasma Membrane Proteins in Living Axons

doi:10.1083/jcb.140.3.659

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© The Rockefeller University Press, 0021-9525/1998//659 $5.00
The Journal of Cell Biology, Volume 140, Number 3, , 1998 659-674

Article

Visualization of the Dynamics of Synaptic Vesicle and Plasma Membrane Proteins in Living Axons

Takao Nakata, Sumio Terada, and Nobutaka Hirokawa

Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Hongo, Tokyo, Japan, 113

Newly synthesized membrane proteins are transported by fastaxonal flow to their targets such as the plasma membrane andsynaptic vesicles. However, their transporting vesicles havenot yet been identified. We have successfully visualized thetransporting vesicles of plasma membrane proteins, synapticvesicle proteins, and the trans-Golgi network residual proteinsin living axons at high resolution using laser scan microscopyof green fluorescent protein-tagged proteins after photobleaching.We found that all of these proteins are transported by tubulovesicularorganelles of various sizes and shapes that circulate withinaxons from branch to branch and switch the direction of movement.These organelles are distinct from the endosomal compartmentsand constitute a new entity of membrane organelles that mediatethe transport of newly synthesized proteins from the trans-Golginetwork to the plasma membrane.

Abbreviations used in this paper: DRG, dorsal root ganglion; GFP, green fluorescent protein; VEC-DIC, video-enhanced contrast differential interference contrast; SNAP-25, synaptosome-associated protein 25; t-SNARE, soluble NSF attachment protein receptor at the target membrane.

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