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J. Cell Biol.,
Volume 141, Number 1, April 6, 1998 241-253
5
1-mediated Signaling Pathways by
Fibronectin's Cell Adhesion and Matrix Assembly Domains
Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York 12208
The interaction of cells with fibronectin generates a series of complex signaling events that serve to
regulate several aspects of cell behavior, including
growth, differentiation, adhesion, and motility. The formation of a fibronectin matrix is a dynamic, cell-mediated process that involves both ligation of the
5
1 integrin with the Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) sequence in
fibronectin and binding of the amino terminus of fibronectin to cell surface receptors, termed "matrix assembly sites," which mediate the assembly of soluble fibronectin into insoluble fibrils. Our data demonstrate that the amino-terminal type I repeats of fibronectin
bind to the
5
1 integrin and support cell adhesion.
Furthermore, the amino terminus of fibronectin modulates actin assembly, focal contact formation, tyrosine
kinase activity, and cell migration. Amino-terminal fibronectin fragments and RGD peptides were able to
cross-compete for binding to the
5
1 integrin, suggesting that these two domains of fibronectin cannot bind
to the
5
1 integrin simultaneously. Cell adhesion to
the amino-terminal domain of fibronectin was enhanced by cytochalasin D, suggesting that the ligand
specificity of the
5
1 integrin is regulated by the cytoskeleton. These data suggest a new paradigm for integrin-mediated signaling, where distinct regions within
one ligand can modulate outside-in signaling through
the same integrin.
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