The Mammalian Calcium-binding Protein, Nucleobindin (CALNUC), Is a Golgi Resident Protein

doi:10.1083/jcb.141.7.1515

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© The Rockefeller University Press, 0021-9525/1998//1515 $5.00
The Journal of Cell Biology, Volume 141, Number 7, , 1998 1515-1527

Articles

The Mammalian Calcium-binding Protein, Nucleobindin (CALNUC), Is a Golgi Resident Protein

Ping Lin, Helen Le-Niculescu, Robert Hofmeister, J. Michael McCaffery, Mingjie Jin, Hanjo Hennemann, Tammie McQuistan, Luc De Vries, and Marilyn Gist Farquhar

Division of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0651

We have identified CALNUC, an EF-hand, Ca²⁺-binding protein,as a Golgi resident protein. CALNUC corresponds to a previouslyidentified EF-hand/calcium-binding protein known as nucleobindin. CALNUC interacts with G ${alpha}$ _i3 subunits in the yeast two-hybridsystem and in GST-CALNUC pull-down assays. Analysis of deletionmutants demonstrated that the EF-hand and intervening acidicregions are the site of CALNUC's interaction with G ${alpha}$ _i3. CALNUCis found in both cytosolic and membrane fractions. The membranepool is tightly associated with the luminal surface of Golgimembranes. CALNUC is widely expressed, as it is detected byimmunofluorescence in the Golgi region of all tissues and celllines examined. By immunoelectron microscopy, CALNUC is localizedto cis-Golgi cisternae and the cis-Golgi network (CGN). CALNUC is the major Ca²⁺-binding protein detected by ⁴⁵Ca²⁺-bindingassay on Golgi fractions. The properties of CALNUC and itshigh homology to calreticulin suggest that it may play a keyrole in calcium homeostasis in the CGN and cis-Golgi cisternae.

Abbreviations used in this paper: ${alpha}$ -Man II, ${alpha}$ -Mannosidase II; β-gal, β-galactosidase; aa, amino acids; CGN, cis-Golgi network; CHX, cycloheximide, CRT, calreticulin; CV, carrier vesicle fraction; Cyt, cytosol; EELS, electron energy loss spectroscopy; ERGIC, ER–Golgi intermediate compartment; GAP, GTPase-activating protein; GH, Golgi heavy; GL, Golgi light; GDT, glutathione-S-transferase; NLS, nuclear localization signal; PFA, paraformaldehyde; PK, proteinase K; PNS, postnuclear supernatant; PVDF, polyvinylidene difluoride; RM, residual microsomes; TBS-T, TBS–0.05% Tween; TM, total membranes.

Helen Le-Niculescu is a graduate student in the Molecular Pathology Graduate Program at UCSD and is a Markey Foundation Fellow.This work was supported by National Institutes of Health grantsDK 17780 and CA 58689 to Marilyn G. Farquhar.

P. Lin and H. Le-Niculescu contributed equally to this work.

Dr. Hennemann's present address is the Institute of Cell Biology, Cancer Research, University of Essen, Virchowstr. 173, D-45122Essen, Germany.

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