J. Cell Biol., Volume 142, Number 1, July 13, 1998 153-165

Functional Specialization of Stable and Dynamic Microtubules in Protein Traffic in WIF-B Cells

C. Poüs,^* K. Chabin,^* A. Drechou,^* L. Barbot,^* T. Phung-Koskas,^* C. Settegrana,^* M.L. Bourguet-Kondracki, M. Maurice,^§ D. Cassio, M. Guyot, and G. Durand^*

^* Laboratoire de Biochimie Générale, Equipe d'Accueil 1595, Unité de Formation et de Recherche de Pharmacie, Université Paris-Sud, 92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France;  Laboratoire de Chimie Associé au Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité de Recherche Associée 401, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France; ^§ Laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médidale U327, Faculté de Médecine Xavier Bichat, Université Paris 7, 75870 Paris Cedex 18; and  Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unité Mixte de Recherche 177, Institut Curie, Section Recherche, 91405 Orsay, France

We found that the magnesium salt of ilimaquinone, named 201-F, specifically disassembled dynamically unstable microtubules in fibroblasts and various epithelial cell lines. Unlike classical tubulin- interacting drugs such as nocodazole or colchicine which affect all classes of microtubules, 201-F did not depolymerize stable microtubules. In WIF-B-polarized hepatic cells, 201-F disrupted the Golgi complex and inhibited albumin and alpha1-antitrypsin secretion to the same extent as nocodazole. By contrast, 201-F did not impair the transport of membrane proteins to the basolateral surface, which was only affected by the total disassembly of cellular microtubules. Transcytosis of two apical membrane proteinsthe alkaline phosphodiesterase B10 and dipeptidyl peptidase IVwas affected to the same extent by 201-F and nocodazole. Taken together, these results indicate that only dynamically unstable microtubules are involved in the transport of secretory proteins to the plasma membrane, and in the transcytosis of membrane proteins to the apical surface. By contrast, stable microtubules, which are not functionally affected by 201-F treatment, are involved in the transport of membrane proteins to the basolateral surface. By specifically disassembling highly dynamic microtubules, 201-F is an invaluable tool with which to study the functional specialization of stable and dynamic microtubules in living cells.

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