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© The Rockefeller University Press, 0021-9525/1998//1487 $5.00
The Journal of Cell Biology, Volume 142, Number 6, , 1998 1487-1499

Regular Articles

A Morphogenesis Checkpoint Monitors the Actin Cytoskeleton in Yeast



John N. McMillan, Rey A.L. Sia, and Daniel J. Lew

Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710

A morphogenesis checkpoint in budding yeast delays cell cycle progression in response to perturbations of cell polarity that prevent bud formation (Lew, D.J., and S.I. Reed. 1995. J. Cell Biol. 129:739– 749). The cell cycle delay depends upon the tyrosine kinase Swe1p, which phosphorylates and inhibits the cyclin-dependent kinase Cdc28p (Sia, R.A.L., H.A. Herald, and D.J. Lew. 1996. Mol. Biol. Cell. 7:1657– 1666). In this report, we have investigated the nature of the defect(s) that trigger this checkpoint. A Swe1p- dependent cell cycle delay was triggered by direct perturbations of the actin cytoskeleton, even when polarity establishment functions remained intact. Furthermore, actin perturbation could trigger the checkpoint even in cells that had already formed a bud, suggesting that the checkpoint directly monitors actin organization, rather than (or in addition to) polarity establishment or bud formation. In addition, we show that the checkpoint could detect actin perturbations through most of the cell cycle. However, the ability to respond to such perturbations by delaying cell cycle progression was restricted to a narrow window of the cell cycle, delimited by the periodic accumulation of the checkpoint effector, Swe1p.

Key Words: checkpoint • actin • SWE1 • morphogenesis • cell cycle

Abbreviations used in this paper: DAPI, 4'6'-diamidino-2-phenylindole; Lat-A, latrunculin-A.

J.N. McMillan was supported by National Research Service Award GM18455. This work was supported by U.S. Public Health Service grant GM53050 and by funds from the Searle Scholars Program/The Chicago Community Trust to D.J. Lew.

Address all correspondence to Daniel J. Lew, Room C359 LSRC, Box 3686, Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710. Tel.: (919) 613-8627. Fax: (919) 613-8642. E-mail: daniel.lew{at}duke.edu


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