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© The Rockefeller University Press, 0021-9525/1999//57 $5.00
The Journal of Cell Biology, Volume 145, Number 1, , 1999 57-68

Regular Articles

Early Assembly Step of a Retroviral Envelope Glycoprotein: Analysis Using a Dominant Negative Assay



Arielle R. Rosenberg, Lélia Delamarre, Claudine Pique, Isabelle Le Blanc, Graziella Griffith, and Marie-Christine Dokhélar

Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Medicale U332, Institut Cochin de Génétique Moléculaire, 75014 Paris, France

As for most integral membrane proteins, the intracellular transport of retroviral envelope glycoproteins depends on proper folding and oligomeric assembly in the ER. In this study, we considered the hypothesis that a panel of 22 transport-defective mutants of the human T cell leukemia virus type 1 envelope glycoprotein might be defective in ER assembly. Upon cell cotransfection with wild-type envelope, however, the vast majority of these transport-defective mutants (21 of 22) exerted a specific trans-dominant negative effect. This effect was due to random dimerization of the mutated and wild-type glycoproteins that prevented the intracellular transport of the latter. This unexpected result suggests that association of glycoprotein monomers precedes the completion of folding. The only mutation that impaired this early assembly was located at the NH2 terminus of the protein. COOH-terminally truncated, soluble forms of the glycoprotein were also trans-dominant negative provided that their NH2 terminus was intact. The leucine zipper-like domain, although involved in oligomerization of the envelope glycoproteins at the cell surface, did not contribute to their intracellular assembly. We propose that, at a step subsequent to translation, but preceding complete folding of the monomers, glycoproteins assemble via their NH2-terminal domains, which, in turn, permits their cooperative folding.

Key Words: protein processing • posttranslational • viral envelope proteins • genes, dominant • human T cell leukemia virus

Abbreviations used in this paper: CMV, cytomegalovirus; HA, influenza virus hemagglutinin; HTLV, human T cell leukemia virus; SU, surface glycoprotein; TM, transmembrane glycoprotein; VSV, vesicular stomatitis virus; wt, wild-type.


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