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© The Rockefeller University Press, 0021-9525/1999//503 $5.00
The Journal of Cell Biology, Volume 145, Number 3, , 1999 503-514

Regular Articles

Abnormal Reaction to Central Nervous System Injury in Mice Lacking Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein and Vimentin



Milos Pekny*, Clas B. Johansson§,||, Camilla Eliasson*, Josefina Stakeberg*, Åsa Wallén, Thomas Perlmann, Urban Lendahl§, Christer Betsholtz*, Claes-Henric Berthold{ddagger}, and Jonas Frisén§

* Department of Medical Biochemistry and {ddagger} Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Gothenburg University, SE-405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden; and § Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Medical Nobel Institute, || Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute and Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Stockholm Branch, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden

In response to injury of the central nervous system, astrocytes become reactive and express high levels of the intermediate filament (IF) proteins glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), vimentin, and nestin. We have shown that astrocytes in mice deficient for both GFAP and vimentin (GFAP–/–vim–/–) cannot form IFs even when nestin is expressed and are thus devoid of IFs in their reactive state. Here, we have studied the reaction to injury in the central nervous system in GFAP–/–, vimentin–/–, or GFAP–/–vim–/– mice. Glial scar formation appeared normal after spinal cord or brain lesions in GFAP–/– or vimentin–/– mice, but was impaired in GFAP–/–vim–/– mice that developed less dense scars frequently accompanied by bleeding. These results show that GFAP and vimentin are required for proper glial scar formation in the injured central nervous system and that some degree of functional overlap exists between these IF proteins.

Key Words: GFAP • nestin • injury • astrocyte • blood vessel

Abbreviations used in this paper: BrdU, bromodeoxyuridine; CNS, central nervous system; GFAP, glial fibrillary acidic protein; HE, hematoxylin and erythrosin/eosin; IF, intermediate filament; IR, immunoreactivity.

The first three authors contributed equally to this study.


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