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J. Cell Biol., Volume 146, Number 1, July 12, 1999 1-12
Copyright © 1999 by The Rockefeller University Press.

Kinetochore Fibers Are Not Involved in the Formation of the First Meiotic Spindle in Mouse Oocytes, but Control the Exit from the First Meiotic M Phase

Stéphane Bruneta, Angélica Santa Mariaa, Philippe Guillauda, Denis Dujardinb, Jacek Z. Kubiaka, and Bernard Maroa
a Laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire du Développement, Université Paris 6, Paris, France
b Institut Jacques Monod, Université Paris 6, Université Paris 7, Paris, France

Correspondence to: Bernard Maro, Laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire du Développement, UMR 7622, CNRS, Université Paris 6, 9 quai St. Bernard, 75005 Paris, France., maro{at}ccr.jussieu.fr (E-mail), 33-1-4427-3498 (phone), 33-1-4427-3410 (fax)

During meiosis, two successive divisions occur without any intermediate S phase to produce haploid gametes. The first meiotic division is unique in that homologous chromosomes are segregated while the cohesion between sister chromatids is maintained, resulting in a reductional division. Moreover, the duration of the first meiotic M phase is usually prolonged when compared with mitotic M phases lasting 8 h in mouse oocytes.

We investigated the spindle assembly pathway and its role in the progression of the first meiotic M phase in mouse oocytes. During the first 4 h, a bipolar spindle forms and the chromosomes congress near the equatorial plane of the spindle without stable kinetochore– microtubule end interactions. This late prometaphase spindle is then maintained for 4 h with chromosomes oscillating in the central region of the spindle. The kinetochore–microtubule end interactions are set up at the end of the first meiotic M phase (8 h after entry into M phase). This event allows the final alignment of the chromosomes and exit from metaphase. The continuous presence of the prometaphase spindle is not required for progression of the first meiotic M phase. Finally, the ability of kinetochores to interact with microtubules is acquired at the end of the first meiotic M phase and determines the timing of polar body extrusion.

Key Words: meiosis, microtubule, kinetochore, chromosome, spindle assembly checkpoint


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