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© The Rockefeller University Press, 0021-9525/1999//193 $5.00
The Journal of Cell Biology, Volume 146, Number 1, , 1999 193-202

Original Article

Genomic Organization, Expression, and Analysis of the Troponin C Gene pat-10 of Caenorhabditis elegans



Hiromi Teramia, Benjamin D. Williamsb, Shin-ichi Kitamuraa, Yasuji Sakubea, Shinji Matsumotoa, Shima Doia, Takashi Obinatac, and Hiroaki Kagawaa

a Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530 Japan
b Department of Cell and Structural Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801
c Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiba University, Chiba, 263-0022 Japan
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530 Japan.81-86-251-787681-86-251-7865

hkagawa{at}cc.okayama-u.ac.jp

We have cloned and characterized the troponin C gene, pat-10 of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. At the amino acid level nematode troponin C is most similar to troponin C of Drosophila (45% identity) and cardiac troponin C of vertebrates. Expression studies demonstrate that this troponin is expressed in body wall muscle throughout the life of the animal. Later, vulval muscles and anal muscles also express this troponin C isoform. The structural gene for this troponin is pat-10 and mutations in this gene lead to animals that arrest as twofold paralyzed embryos late in development. We have sequenced two of the mutations in pat-10 and both had identical two mutations in the gene; one changes D64 to N and the other changes W153 to a termination site. The missense alteration affects a calcium-binding site and eliminates calcium binding, whereas the second mutation eliminates binding to troponin I. These combined biochemical and in vivo studies of mutant animals demonstrate that this troponin is essential for proper muscle function during development.

Key Words: troponin C • Caenorhabditis elegans • troponin I • muscle gene • gene expression

© 1999 The Rockefeller University Press

1.used in this paper: 5' RACE, 5' rapid amplification of cDNA ends; UTS, untranslated sequence; YAC, yeast artificial chromosome


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