Centriolar Satellites: Molecular Characterization, ATP-dependent Movement Toward Centrioles and Possible Involvement in Ciliogenesis

doi:10.1083/jcb.147.5.969

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© The Rockefeller University Press, 0021-9525/1999/11/969/ $5.00
The Journal of Cell Biology, Volume 147, Number 5, November 29, 1999 969-980

Original Article

Centriolar Satellites: Molecular Characterization, ATP-dependent Movement Toward Centrioles and Possible Involvement in Ciliogenesis

Akiharu Kubo^a,b,c, Hiroyuki Sasaki^d,e, Akiko Yuba-Kubo^a, Shoichiro Tsukita^a,b, and Nobuyuki Shiina^a
^a Tsukita Cell Axis Project, Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology, Japan Science and Technology Corporation, Kyoto Research Park, Shimogyo-ku, Kyoto 600-8813, Japan
^b Department of Cell Biology, Kyoto University Faculty of Medicine, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
^c Department of Dermatology, Osaka University School of Medicine, Suita 565-0871, Japan
^d Laboratory of Cell Biology, KAN Research Institute Inc., Kyoto Research Park, Shimogyo-ku, Kyoto 600-8815, Japan
^e Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of DNA Medicine, Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-0003, Japan

Correspondence to: Nobuyuki Shiina, Tsukita Cell Axis Project, Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology, Japan Science and Technology Corporation, Kyoto Research Park, 17 Chudojiminami-machi, Shimogyo-ku, Kyoto 600-8813, Japan. Tel:81 (75) 315-7912 Fax:81 (75) 315-6420 E-mail:nshiina{at}cell.tsukita.jst.go.jp.

We identified Xenopus pericentriolar material-1 (PCM-1), whichhad been reported to constitute pericentriolar material, clonedits cDNA, and generated a specific pAb against this molecule.Immunolabeling revealed that PCM-1 was not a pericentriolarmaterial protein, but a specific component of centriolar satellites,morphologically characterized as electron-dense granules, $~$ 70–100nm in diameter, scattered around centrosomes. Using a GFP fusionprotein with PCM-1, we found that PCM-1–containing centriolarsatellites moved along microtubules toward their minus ends,i.e., toward centrosomes, in live cells, as well as in vitroreconstituted asters. These findings defined centriolar satellitesat the molecular level, and explained their pericentriolar localization.Next, to understand the relationship between centriolar satellitesand centriolar replication, we examined the expression and subcellularlocalization of PCM-1 in ciliated epithelial cells during ciliogenesis.When ciliogenesis was induced in mouse nasal respiratory epithelialcells, PCM-1 immunofluorescence was markedly elevated at theapical cytoplasm. At the electron microscopic level, anti–PCM-1pAb exclusively labeled fibrous granules, but not deuterosomes,both of which have been suggested to play central roles in centriolarreplication in ciliogenesis. These findings suggested that centriolarsatellites and fibrous granules are identical novel nonmembranousorganelles containing PCM-1, which may play some important role(s)in centriolar replication.

Key Words: centriole, centriolar satellites, fibrous granule, pericentriolarmaterial-1, ciliogenesis

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