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© The Rockefeller University Press, 0021-9525/2000//703 $5.00
The Journal of Cell Biology, Volume 148, Number 4, , 2000 703-714

Debcl, a Proapoptotic Bcl-2 Homologue, Is a Component of the Drosophila melanogaster Cell Death Machinery

^a The Hanson Centre for Cancer Research, Institute of Medical and Veterinary Science, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
^b Department of Genetics, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia
^c The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Vic 3050, Australia
Hanson Centre for Cancer Research, IMVS, PO Box 14, Rundle Mall, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia.+61-8-8222-3139+61-8-8222-3738

sharad.kumar{at}imvs.sa.gov.au

Bcl-2 family of proteins are key regulators of apoptosis. Both proapoptotic and antiapoptotic members of this family are found in mammalian cells, but no such proteins have been described in insects. Here, we report the identification and characterization of Debcl, the first Bcl-2 homologue in Drosophila melanogaster. Structurally, Debcl is similar to Bax-like proapoptotic Bcl-2 family members. Ectopic expression of Debcl in cultured cells and in transgenic flies causes apoptosis, which is inhibited by coexpression of the baculovirus caspase inhibitor P35, indicating that Debcl is a proapoptotic protein that functions in a caspase-dependent manner. debcl expression correlates with developmental cell death in specific Drosophila tissues. We also show that debcl genetically interacts with diap1 and dark, and that debcl-mediated apoptosis is not affected by gene dosage of rpr, hid, and grim. Biochemically, Debcl can interact with several mammalian and viral prosurvival Bcl-2 family members, but not with the proapoptotic members, suggesting that it may regulate apoptosis by antagonizing prosurvival Bcl-2 proteins. RNA interference studies indicate that Debcl is required for developmental apoptosis in Drosophila embryos. These results suggest that the main components of the mammalian apoptosis machinery are conserved in insects.

Key Words: Bcl-2 family • BH domains • baculovirus P35 • Dark • caspase

© 2000 The Rockefeller University Press

Abbreviations used in this paper: BH domain, Bcl-2 homology domain; GFP, Aequorea victoria green fluorescent protein; RNAi, RNA interference; RT, reverse transcriptase; SL2 cells, Schneider L2 cells.

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