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Published online 11 July 2000. doi:10.1083/jcb.150.1.13
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© The Rockefeller University Press, 0021-9525/2000/7/13/ $5.00
The Journal of Cell Biology, Volume 150, Number 1, July 10, 2000 13-26

Original Articles

Mitotic Transcription Repression In Vivo in the Absence of Nucleosomal Chromatin Condensation

Charlotte A. Spencera, Michael J. Kruhlakb, Heather L. Jenkinsa, Xuejun Suna, and David P. Bazett-Jonesb
a Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 1Z2
b Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 4N1

Correspondence to: Charlotte A. Spencer, Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Cross Cancer Institute, 11560 University Avenue, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1Z2. Tel:(780) 432-8906 Fax:(780) 432-8892 E-mail:charlotte.spencer{at}cancerboard.ab.ca.

All nuclear RNA synthesis is repressed during the mitotic phase of the cell cycle. In addition, RNA polymerase II (RNAP II), nascent RNA and many transcription factors disengage from DNA during mitosis. It has been proposed that mitotic transcription repression and disengagement of factors are due to either mitotic chromatin condensation or biochemical modifications to the transcription machinery. In this study, we investigate the requirement for chromatin condensation in establishing mitotic transcription repression and factor loss, by analyzing transcription and RNAP II localization in mitotic cells infected with herpes simplex virus type 1. We find that virus-infected cells enter mitosis and that mitotic viral DNA is maintained in a nucleosome-free and noncondensed state. Our data show that RNAP II transcription is repressed on cellular genes that are condensed into mitotic chromosomes and on viral genes that remain nucleosome free and noncondensed. Although RNAP II may interact indirectly with viral DNA during mitosis, it remains transcriptionally unengaged. This study demonstrates that mitotic repression of transcription and loss of transcription factors from mitotic DNA can occur independently of nucleosomal chromatin condensation.

Key Words: transcription, RNA polymerase II, chromosomes, mitosis, chromatin


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