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© The Rockefeller University Press, 0021-9525/2000//739 $5.00
The Journal of Cell Biology, Volume 151, Number 4, , 2000 739-748

Dynein Is a Transient Kinetochore Component Whose Binding Is Regulated by Microtubule Attachment, Not Tension

^a Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708
^b Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108
LSRC Bldg., Box 91000, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708.(919) 613-8177(919) 613-8196

Cytoplasmic dynein is the only known kinetochore protein capable of driving chromosome movement toward spindle poles. In grasshopper spermatocytes, dynein immunofluorescence staining is bright at prometaphase kinetochores and dimmer at metaphase kinetochores. We have determined that these differences in staining intensity reflect differences in amounts of dynein associated with the kinetochore. Metaphase kinetochores regain bright dynein staining if they are detached from spindle microtubules by micromanipulation and kept detached for 10 min. We show that this increase in dynein staining is not caused by the retraction or unmasking of dynein upon detachment. Thus, dynein genuinely is a transient component of spermatocyte kinetochores.

We further show that microtubule attachment, not tension, regulates dynein localization at kinetochores. Dynein binding is extremely sensitive to the presence of microtubules: fewer than half the normal number of kinetochore microtubules leads to the loss of most kinetochoric dynein. As a result, the bulk of the dynein leaves the kinetochore very early in mitosis, soon after the kinetochores begin to attach to microtubules. The possible functions of this dynein fraction are therefore limited to the initial attachment and movement of chromosomes and/or to a role in the mitotic checkpoint.

Key Words: cytoplasmic dynein • kinetochores • kinetochore microtubules • micromanipulation • tension

© 2000 The Rockefeller University Press

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