ROP Gtpase-Dependent Dynamics of Tip-Localized F-Actin Controls Tip Growth in Pollen Tubes

doi:10.1083/jcb.152.5.1019

Published online 5 March 2001. doi:10.1083/jcb.152.5.1019

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© The Rockefeller University Press, 0021-9525/2001//1019 $5.00
The Journal of Cell Biology, Volume 152, Number 5, , 2001 1019-1032

Original Article

ROP Gtpase–Dependent Dynamics of Tip-Localized F-Actin Controls Tip Growth in Pollen Tubes

Ying Fu^a, Guang Wu^a, and Zhenbiao Yang^a

^a Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, California 92521
Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521.(909) 787-4437(909) 787-7351

zhenbiao.yang{at}ucr.edu

Tip-growing pollen tubes provide a useful model system to studypolar growth. Although roles for tip-focused calcium gradientand tip-localized Rho-family GTPase in pollen tube growth isestablished, the existence and function of tip-localized F-actinhave been controversial. Using the green fluorescent protein–taggedactin-binding domain of mouse talin, we found a dynamic formof tip-localized F-actin in tobacco pollen tubes, termed shortactin bundles (SABs). The dynamics of SABs during polar growthin pollen tubes is regulated by Rop1At, a Rop GTPase belongingto the Rho family. When overexpressed, Rop1At transformed SABinto a network of fine filaments and induced a transverse actinband behind the tip, leading to depolarized growth. These changeswere due to ectopic Rop1At localization to the apical regionof the plasma membrane and were suppressed by guanine dissociationinhibitor overexpression, which removed ectopically localizedRop1At. Rop GTPase–activating protein (RopGAP1) overexpression,or Latrunculin B treatments, also recovered normal actin organizationand tip growth in Rop1At-overexpressing tubes. Moreover, overexpressionof RopGAP1 alone disrupted SABs and inhibited growth. Finally,SAB oscillates and appears at the tip before growth. Together,these results indicate that the dynamics of tip actin are essentialfor tip growth and provide the first direct evidence to linkRho GTPase to actin organization in controlling cell polarityand polar growth in plants.

Key Words: Rho GTPase • cell polarity • polar growth • actin cytoskeleton • RopGAP

The online version of this article contains supplemental material.

Abbreviations used in this paper: CA, constitutively active;DN, dominant negative; GAP, GTPase-activating protein; GDI,guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor; GFP, green fluorescentprotein; GM, germination medium; mTalin, mouse talin; PIP, phosphatidylinositol4,5-bisphosphate; PM, plasma membrane; SAB, short actin bundle.

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