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Published 7 January 2002. doi:10.1083/jcb.200110086
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© The Rockefeller University Press, 0021-9525/2002/1/35 $5.00
The Journal of Cell Biology, Volume 156, Number 1, January 7, 2002 35-40

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Secretory vesicle transport velocity in living cells depends on the myosin-V lever arm length



Daniel H. Schott1, Ruth N. Collins2 and Anthony Bretscher1

1 Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853
2 Department of Molecular Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853

Address correspondence to Anthony Bretscher, Dept. of Molecular Biology and Genetics, 351 Biotechnology Bldg., Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853. Tel.: (607) 255-5713. Fax: (607) 255-2428. E-mail: apb5{at}cornell.edu

Myosins are molecular motors that exert force against actin filaments. One widely conserved myosin class, the myosin-Vs, recruits organelles to polarized sites in animal and fungal cells. However, it has been unclear whether myosin-Vs actively transport organelles, and whether the recently challenged lever arm model developed for muscle myosin applies to myosin-Vs. Here we demonstrate in living, intact yeast that secretory vesicles move rapidly toward their site of exocytosis. The maximal speed varies linearly over a wide range of lever arm lengths genetically engineered into the myosin-V heavy chain encoded by the MYO2 gene. Thus, secretory vesicle polarization is achieved through active transport by a myosin-V, and the motor mechanism is consistent with the lever arm model.

Key Words: exocytosis; Saccharomyces; molecular motors; myosin; cell polarity


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