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Published 18 March 2002. doi:10.1083/jcb.200111093
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© The Rockefeller University Press, 0021-9525/2002/3/1003 $5.00
The Journal of Cell Biology, Volume 156, Number 6, March 18, 2002 1003-1013

Article

 {alpha}-Glucosidase I is required for cellulose biosynthesis and morphogenesis in Arabidopsis

C. Stewart Gillmor1,2, Patricia Poindexter1, Justin Lorieau3, Monica M. Palcic3 and Chris Somerville1,2

1 Carnegie Institution, Department of Plant Biology, Stanford, CA 94305
2 Department of Biological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305
3 Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada

Address correspondence to Chris Somerville, Department of Plant Biology, Carnegie Institution, 260 Panama St., Stanford, CA 94305. Tel.: (650) 325-1521 ext. 203. Fax: (650) 325-6857. E-mail: crs{at}andrew2.stanford.edu

Novel mutations in the RSW1 and KNOPF genes were identified in a large-scale screen for mutations that affect cell expansion in early Arabidopsis embryos. Embryos from both types of mutants were radially swollen with greatly reduced levels of crystalline cellulose, the principal structural component of the cell wall. Because RSW1 was previously shown to encode a catalytic subunit of cellulose synthase, the similar morphology of knf and rsw1-2 embryos suggests that the radially swollen phenotype of knf mutants is largely due to their cellulose deficiency. Map-based cloning of the KNF gene and enzyme assays of knf embryos demonstrated that KNF encodes {alpha}-glucosidase I, the enzyme that catalyzes the first step in N-linked glycan processing. The strongly reduced cellulose content of knf mutants indicates that N-linked glycans are required for cellulose biosynthesis. Because cellulose synthase catalytic subunits do not appear to be N glycosylated, the N-glycan requirement apparently resides in other component(s) of the cellulose synthase machinery. Remarkably, cellular processes other than extracellular matrix biosynthesis and the formation of protein storage vacuoles appear unaffected in knf embryos. Thus in Arabidopsis cells, like yeast, N-glycan trimming is apparently required for the function of only a small subset of N-glycoproteins.

Key Words: cellulose; cell elongation; glycosylation; Arabidopsis; embryo


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