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Published 12 May 2003. doi:10.1083/jcb.200211122
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© The Rockefeller University Press, 0021-9525/2003/5/557 $5.00
The Journal of Cell Biology, Volume 161, Number 3, 557-570

Article

{alpha}-Adducin dissociates from F-actin and spectrin during platelet activation



Kurt L. Barkalow1, Joseph E. Italiano, Jr.1, Denise E. Chou1, Yoichiro Matsuoka2, Vann Bennett3 and John H. Hartwig1

1 Division of Hematology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
2 Experimental Pathology and Chemotherapy Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
3 Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Departments of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710

Address correspondence to John H. Hartwig, Division of Hematology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 221 Longwood Ave., Boston, MA 02115. Tel.: (617) 278-0323. Fax: (617) 278-0385. E-mail: hartwig{at}rics.bwh.harvard.edu

Aspectrin-based skeleton uniformly underlies and supports the plasma membrane of the resting platelet, but remodels and centralizes in the activated platelet. {alpha}-Adducin, a phosphoprotein that forms a ternary complex with F-actin and spectrin, is dephosphorylated and mostly bound to spectrin in the membrane skeleton of the resting platelet at sites where actin filaments attach to the ends of spectrin molecules. Platelets activated through protease-activated receptor 1, Fc{gamma}RIIA, or by treatment with PMA phosphorylate adducin at Ser726. Phosphoadducin releases from the membrane skeleton concomitant with its dissociation from spectrin and actin. Inhibition of PKC blunts adducin phosphorylation and release from spectrin and actin, preventing the centralization of spectrin that normally follows cell activation. We conclude that adducin targets actin filament ends to spectrin to complete the assembly of the resting membrane skeleton. Dissociation of phosphoadducin releases spectrin from actin, facilitating centralization of spectrin, and leads to the exposure of barbed actin filament ends that may then participate in converting the resting platelet's disc shape into its active form.

Key Words: spectrin; adducin; actin; platelet; cell motility

* Abbreviations used in this paper: Arp, actin-related protein; GF, GF 109203X; MARCKS, myristoylated alanine-rich C-kinase substrate; OG, n-octyl ß-D-glucopyranoside; PAR, protease-activated receptor; TRAP, thrombin receptor–activating peptide.


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