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The Omp85 family of proteins is essential for outer membrane biogenesis in mitochondria and bacteria

¹ Russell Grimwade School of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3010, Australia
² Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Deakin University, Burwood 3125, Australia

Address correspondence to Trevor Lithgow, Russell Grimwade School of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3010, Australia. Tel.: 61-3-8344-4131. Fax: 61-3-9348-2251. email: t.lithgow{at}unimelb.edu.au

Integral proteins in the outer membrane of mitochondria control all aspects of organelle biogenesis, being required for protein import, mitochondrial fission, and, in metazoans, mitochondrial aspects of programmed cell death. How these integral proteins are assembled in the outer membrane had been unclear. In bacteria, Omp85 is an essential component of the protein insertion machinery, and we show that members of the Omp85 protein family are also found in eukaryotes ranging from plants to humans. In eukaryotes, Omp85 is present in the mitochondrial outer membrane. The gene encoding Omp85 is essential for cell viability in yeast, and conditional omp85 mutants have defects that arise from compromised insertion of integral proteins like voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC) and components of the translocase in the outer membrane of mitochondria (TOM) complex into the mitochondrial outer membrane.

Key Words: endosymbiont theory; membrane biogenesis; ß-barrel protein; mitochondria; protein import

Abbreviations used in this paper: TOM, translocase in the outer membrane of mitochondria; VDAC, voltage-dependent anion channel.

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