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Published 20 January 2004. doi:10.1083/jcb.200307065
The Rockefeller University Press, 0021-9525 $8.00
JCB, Volume 164, Number 2, 207-218
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Article

Regulation of polarized growth initiation and termination cycles by the polarisome and Cdc42 regulators



Scott Bidlingmaier1 and Michael Snyder1,2

1 Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520
2 Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520

Address correspondence to Michael Snyder, Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, Yale University, P.O. Box 208103, New Haven, CT 06520-8103. Tel.: (203) 432-6139. Fax: (203) 432-3597. email: michael.snyder{at}yale.edu

The dynamic regulation of polarized cell growth allows cells to form structures of defined size and shape. We have studied the regulation of polarized growth using mating yeast as a model. Haploid yeast cells treated with high concentration of pheromone form successive mating projections that initiate and terminate growth with regular periodicity. The mechanisms that control the frequency of growth initiation and termination under these conditions are not well understood. We found that the polarisome components Spa2, Pea2, and Bni1 and the Cdc42 regulators Cdc24 and Bem3 control the timing and frequency of projection formation. Loss of polarisome components and mutation of Cdc24 decrease the frequency of projection formation, while loss of Bem3 increases the frequency of projection formation. We found that polarisome components and the cell fusion proteins Fus1 and Fus2 are important for the termination of projection growth. Our results define the first molecular regulators that control the timing of growth initiation and termination during eukaryotic cell differentiation.

Key Words: polarized growth; polarisome; Bni1; Cdc42; Fus1

Abbreviations used in this paper: GAP, GTPase-activating protein; GEF, guanine nucleotide exchange factor; Lat-A, latrunculin A.


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