A role for the actin cytoskeleton in cell death and aging in yeast

doi:10.1083/jcb.200310148

Published 15 March 2004. doi:10.1083/jcb.200310148
The Rockefeller University Press, 0021-9525 $8.00
JCB, Volume 164, Number 6, 803-809

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A role for the actin cytoskeleton in cell death and aging in yeast

Campbell W. Gourlay¹, Lindsay N. Carpp³, Paul Timpson³, Steven J. Winder², and Kathryn R. Ayscough¹

¹ Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
² Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
³ Institute of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK

Address correspondence to Kathryn R. Ayscough, Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK. Tel.: 44 114 222 2332. Fax: 44 114 272 8697. email: k.ayscough{at}sheffield.ac.uk

Several determinants of aging, including metabolic capacityand genetic stability, are recognized in both yeast and humans.However, many aspects of the pathways leading to cell deathremain to be elucidated. Here we report a role for the actincytoskeleton both in cell death and in promoting longevity.We have analyzed yeast strains expressing mutants with eitherincreased or decreased actin dynamics. We show that decreasedactin dynamics causes depolarization of the mitochondrial membraneand an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production,resulting in cell death. Important, however, is the demonstrationthat increasing actin dynamics, either by a specific actin alleleor by deletion of a gene encoding the actin-bundling proteinScp1p, can increase lifespan by over 65%. Increased longevityappears to be due to these cells producing lower than wild-typelevels of ROS. Homology between Scp1p and mammalian SM22/transgelin,which itself has been isolated in senescence screens, suggestsa conserved mechanism linking aging to actin stability.

Key Words: actin; senescence; Scp1; apoptosis; ROS

P. Timpson's present address is The Garvan Institute, Darlinghurst,Sydney, Australia.

Abbreviations used in this paper: ROS, reactive oxygen species;Tpm, tropomyosin.

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