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Published online 3 May 2004. doi:10.1083/jcb.200311137
The Rockefeller University Press, 0021-9525 $8.00
JCB, Volume 165, Number 3, 383-393
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Article

Identification of the membrane receptor of a class XIV myosin in Toxoplasma gondii



Elizabeth Gaskins1, Stacey Gilk2, Nicolette DeVore1, Tara Mann1, Gary Ward2, and Con Beckers1

1 Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
2 Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405

Address correspondence to Con Beckers, Dept. of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 108 Taylor Hall, CB# 7090, Chapel Hill, NC 27599. Tel.: (919) 966-1464. Fax: (919) 966-1856. email: cbeckers{at}med.unc.edu

Apicomplexan parasites exhibit a unique form of substrate-dependent motility, gliding motility, which is essential during their invasion of host cells and during their spread between host cells. This process is dependent on actin filaments and myosin that are both located between the plasma membrane and two underlying membranes of the inner membrane complex. We have identified a protein complex in the apicomplexan parasite Toxoplasma gondii that contains the class XIV myosin required for gliding motility, TgMyoA, its associated light chain, TgMLC1, and two novel proteins, TgGAP45 and TgGAP50. We have localized this complex to the inner membrane complex of Toxoplasma, where it is anchored in the membrane by TgGAP50, an integral membrane glycoprotein. Assembly of the protein complex is spatially controlled and occurs in two stages. These results provide the first molecular description of an integral membrane protein as a specific receptor for a myosin motor, and further our understanding of the motile apparatus underlying gliding motility in apicomplexan parasites.

Key Words: Toxoplasma; Plasmodium; class XIV myosin; motility; apicomplexa

Abbreviations used in this paper: DOC, sodium deoxycholate; GAP, gliding-associated protein; HFF, human foreskin fibroblast; TX100, Triton X-100.


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