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Published online 7 September 2004. doi:10.1083/jcb.200406097
The Rockefeller University Press, 0021-9525 $8.00
JCB, Volume 166, Number 6, 765-768
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 Impacts of a new transcription factor family : mammalian GCM proteins in health and disease



Said Hashemolhosseini and Michael Wegner

Institut für Biochemie, Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany

Address correspondence to Said Hashemolhosseini, Institut für Biochemie, Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Fahrstrasse 17, 91054 Erlangen, Germany. Tel.: 49 9131 85 24634. Fax: 49 9131 85 22484. email: sh{at}biochem.uni-erlangen.de


Abstract
GCM proteins constitute a small transcription factor family with a DNA-binding domain exhibiting a novel fold composed of two subdomains rigidly held together by coordination of one of two structural zinc cations. In all known cases, GCM proteins exert the role of master regulators: the prototypical family member determines gliogenesis in Drosophila melanogaster, whereas mammalian GCM proteins orchestrate divergent aspects of development and physiology in placenta, kidney, thymus, and parathyroid gland. Recent data point to an involvement of GCM proteins in different pathological contexts, such as preeclampsia, hyper- or hypoparathyroidism, and parathyroid gland tumors.

Key Words: glial cells missing; glide; parathyroid; kidney; placenta

Abbreviations used in this paper: E, embryonic day; gcm, glial cells missing.


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