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Published 25 October 2004. doi:10.1083/jcb.200407163
The Rockefeller University Press, 0021-9525 $8.00
JCB, Volume 167, Number 2, 197-201
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Mini-Review

Getting the message across, STAT! Design principles of a molecular signaling circuit



Uwe Vinkemeier

Abteilung Zelluläre Signalverarbeitung, Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie, Freie Universität Berlin, 13125 Berlin, Germany

Correspondence to Uwe Vinkemeier: vinkemeier{at}fmp-berlin.de


Abstract

The STAT transcription factors, usually referred to as "latent cytoplasmic proteins," have experienced a fundamental reevaluation of their dynamic properties. This review focuses on recent studies that have identified continuous transport factor–independent nucleocytoplasmic cycling of STAT1, STAT3, and STAT5 as a basic principle of cytokine signaling. In addition, molecular mechanisms that modulate flux rates or cause retention were recognized, and together these findings have provided novel insight into the rules of cellular signal processing.

Abbreviations used in this paper: JAK, Janus kinase; STAT, signal transducer and activator of transcription; NES, nuclear export signal; NLS, nuclear localization signal; NPC, nuclear pore complex; Nup, nucleoporin.


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