Published 25 October 2004. doi:10.1083/jcb.200408130
The Rockefeller University Press, 0021-9525 $8.00
JCB, Volume 167, Number 2, 223-229
Endothelial barrier disruption by VEGF-mediated Src activity potentiates tumor cell extravasation and metastasis
Sara Weis,
Jianhua Cui,
Leo Barnes, and
David Cheresh
Department of Immunology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037
Correspondence to David Cheresh: cheresh{at}scripps.edu
Abstract
VEGF is unique among angiogenic growth factors because it disrupts endothelial barrier function. Therefore, we considered whether this property of VEGF might contribute to tumor cell extravasation and metastasis. To test this, mice lacking the Src family kinases Src or Yes, which maintain endothelial barrier function in the presence of VEGF, were injected intravenously with VEGF-expressing tumor cells. We found a dramatic reduction in tumor cell extravasation in lungs or livers of mice lacking Src or Yes. At the molecular level, VEGF compromises the endothelial barrier by disrupting a VE-cadherinß-catenin complex in lung endothelium from wild-type, but not Yes-deficient, mice. Disrupting the endothelial barrier directly with antiVE-cadherin both amplifies metastasis in normal mice and overcomes the genetic resistance in Yes-deficient mice. Pharmacological blockade of VEGF, VEGFR-2, or Src stabilizes endothelial barrier function and suppresses tumor cell extravasation in vivo. Therefore, disrupting Src signaling preserves host endothelial barrier function providing a novel host-targeted approach to control metastatic disease.

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