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Published 31 January 2005. doi:10.1083/jcb.200409091
The Rockefeller University Press, 0021-9525 $8.00
JCB, Volume 168, Number 3, 375-387
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Article

Chromosome looping in yeast

: telomere pairing and coordinated movement reflect anchoring efficiency and territorial organization



Kerstin Bystricky1, Thierry Laroche1, Griet van Houwe1, Marek Blaszczyk2, and Susan M. Gasser1

1 Department of Molecular Biology and NCCR Frontiers in Genetics, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
2 Institute of Applied Mathematics, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland

Correspondence to Susan M. Gasser:susan.gasser{at}fmi.ch

Long-range chromosome organization is known to influence nuclear function. Budding yeast centromeres cluster near the spindle pole body, whereas telomeres are grouped in five to eight perinuclear foci. Using live microscopy, we examine the relative positions of right and left telomeres of several yeast chromosomes. Integrated lac and tet operator arrays are visualized by their respective repressor fused to CFP and YFP in interphase yeast cells. The two ends of chromosomes 3 and 6 interact significantly but transiently, forming whole chromosome loops. For chromosomes 5 and 14, end-to-end interaction is less frequent, yet telomeres are closer to each other than to the centromere, suggesting that yeast chromosomes fold in a Rabl-like conformation. Disruption of telomere anchoring by deletions of YKU70 or SIR4 significantly compromises contact between two linked telomeres. These mutations do not, however, eliminate coordinated movement of telomere (Tel) 6R and Tel6L, which we propose stems from the territorial organization of yeast chromosomes.

Kerstin Bystricky's present address is Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire Eucaryote/IFR109, Université Paul Sabatier, 31062 Toulouse, France.

Thierry Laroche and Susan M. Gasser's present address is Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, CH-4058 Basel, Switzerland.

Abbreviations used in this paper: 2D, two-dimensional; 3D, three-dimensional; ARS, autonomously replicating sequence; Chr, chromosome; IF, immunofluorescence; MSD, mean square displacement, NE, nuclear envelope; rc, radius of confinement or spatial constraint; SPB, spindle pole body; Tel, telomere.


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