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Published online 31 May 2005. doi:10.1083/jcb.200501104
The Rockefeller University Press, 0021-9525 $8.00
JCB, Volume 169, Number 5, 777-787
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Article

Essential roles of G{alpha}12/13 signaling in distinct cell behaviors driving zebrafish convergence and extension gastrulation movements



Fang Lin1, Diane S. Sepich2, Songhai Chen1, Jacek Topczewski2,3, Chunyue Yin2, Lilianna Solnica-Krezel2, and Heidi Hamm1

1 Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232
2 Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235
3 Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Children's Memorial Institute for Education and Research, Chicago, IL 60614

Correspondence to Lilianna Solnica-Krezel: lilianna.solnica-krezel{at}Vanderbilt.edu; or Heidi Hamm: heidi.hamm{at}vanderbilt.edu

G{alpha}12/13 have been implicated in numerous cellular processes, however, their roles in vertebrate gastrulation are largely unknown. Here, we show that during zebrafish gastrulation, suppression of both G{alpha}12 and G{alpha}13 signaling by overexpressing dominant negative proteins and application of antisense morpholino-modified oligonucleotide translation interference disrupted convergence and extension without changing embryonic patterning. Analyses of mesodermal cell behaviors revealed that G{alpha}12/13 are required for cell elongation and efficient dorsalward migration during convergence independent of noncanonical Wnt signaling. Furthermore, G{alpha}12/13 function cell-autonomously to mediate mediolateral cell elongation underlying intercalation during notochord extension, likely acting in parallel to noncanonical Wnt signaling. These findings provide the first evidence that G{alpha}12 and G{alpha}13 have overlapping and essential roles in distinct cell behaviors that drive vertebrate gastrulation.

Abbreviations used in this paper: C&E, convergence and extension; dpf, days postfertizilation; GPCR, G protein–coupled receptor; HEK, human embryonic kidney; hpf, hours postfertizilation; LWR, length to width ratio; MO, morpholino-modified oligonucleotide; Rok, Rho kinase; WT, wild-type.


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