Response to Staphylococcus aureus requires CD36-mediated phagocytosis triggered by the COOH-terminal cytoplasmic domain

doi:10.1083/jcb.200501113

Published 1 August 2005. doi:10.1083/jcb.200501113
The Rockefeller University Press, 0021-9525 $8.00
JCB, Volume 170, Number 3, 477-485

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Response to Staphylococcus aureus requires CD36-mediated phagocytosis triggered by the COOH-terminal cytoplasmic domain

Lynda M. Stuart¹^,3, Jiusheng Deng², Jessica M. Silver², Kazue Takahashi¹, Anita A. Tseng², Elizabeth J. Hennessy¹, R. Alan B. Ezekowitz¹, and Kathryn J. Moore²

¹ Laboratory of Developmental Immunology, Department of Pediatrics
² Lipid Metabolism Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114
³ Medical Research Council Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9AG, Scotland, UK

Correspondence to Kathryn J. Moore: kmoore{at}molbio.mgh.harvard.edu

Phagocyte recognition and clearance of bacteria play essentialroles in the host response to infection. In an on-going forwardgenetic screen, we identify the Drosophila melanogaster scavengerreceptor Croquemort as a receptor for Staphylococcus aureus,implicating for the first time the CD36 family as phagocyticreceptors for bacteria. In transfection assays, the mammalianCroquemort paralogue CD36 confers binding and internalizationof Gram-positive and, to a lesser extent, Gram-negative bacteria.By mutational analysis, we show that internalization of S. aureusand its component lipoteichoic acid requires the COOH-terminalcytoplasmic portion of CD36, specifically Y463 and C464, whichactivates Toll-like receptor (TLR) 2/6 signaling. Macrophageslacking CD36 demonstrate reduced internalization of S. aureusand its component lipoteichoic acid, accompanied by a markeddefect in tumor necrosis factor- ${alpha}$ and IL-12 production. As aresult, Cd36^–/– mice fail to efficiently clear S.aureus in vivo resulting in profound bacteraemia. Thus, responseto S. aureus requires CD36-mediated phagocytosis triggered bythe COOH-terminal cytoplasmic domain, which initiates TLR2/6signaling.

Abbreviations used in this paper: HEK, human embryonic kidney;LPS, lipopolysaccharide; LTA, lipoteichoic acid; RNAi, RNA interference;SR, scavenger receptor; TLR, Toll-like receptor.

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