Published 19 June 2006. doi:10.1083/jcb.200602086
The Rockefeller University Press, 0021-9525 $8.00
JCB, Volume 173, Number 6, 975-983
Structural basis for tetraspanin functions as revealed by the cryo-EM structure of uroplakin complexes at 6-Å resolution
Guangwei Min1,
Huaibin Wang1,
Tung-Tien Sun2,3,4,5, and
Xiang-Peng Kong1
1 Department of Biochemistry, 2 Department of Dermatology, 3 Department of Pharmacology, 4 Department of Urology, and 5 New York University Cancer Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016
Correspondence to Xiang-Peng Kong: kong{at}saturn.med.nyu.edu
Tetraspanin uroplakins (UPs) Ia and Ib, together with their single-spanning transmembrane protein partners UP II and IIIa, form a unique crystalline 2D array of 16-nm particles covering almost the entire urothelial surface. A 6 Åresolution cryo-EM structure of the UP particle revealed that the UP tetraspanins have a rod-shaped structure consisting of four closely packed transmembrane helices that extend into the extracellular loops, capped by a disulfide-stabilized head domain. The UP tetraspanins form the primary complexes with their partners through tight interactions of the transmembrane domains as well as the extracellular domains, so that the head domains of their tall partners can bridge each other at the top of the heterotetramer. The secondary interactions between the primary complexes and the tertiary interaction between the 16-nm particles contribute to the formation of the UP tetraspanin network. The rod-shaped tetraspanin structure allows it to serve as stable pilings in the lipid sea, ideal for docking partner proteins to form structural/signaling networks.
Abbreviations used in this paper: TM, transmembrane domain; UP, uroplakin.

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