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Published online 5 September 2006. doi:10.1083/jcb.200512058
The Rockefeller University Press, 0021-9525 $8.00
JCB, Volume 174, Number 6, 839-849
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Article

Tubulin tyrosination is a major factor affecting the recruitment of CAP-Gly proteins at microtubule plus ends

Leticia Peris1, Manuel Thery2, Julien Fauré1, Yasmina Saoudi1, Laurence Lafanechère1, John K. Chilton3, Phillip Gordon-Weeks3, Niels Galjart4, Michel Bornens2, Linda Wordeman5, Juergen Wehland6, Annie Andrieux1, and Didier Job1

1 Laboratoire du Cytosquelette, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U366, Département Réponse et Dynamique Cellulaire, Commisariat à l'Energie Atomique Grenoble, 38054 Grenoble, France
2 Biologie du Cycle Cellulaire et de la Motilité, UMR144, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut Curie, 75248 Paris, Cedex 05, France
3 Medical Research Council Centre for Developmental Neurobiology, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, England, UK
4 Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Erasmus Medical Center, 3000 DR Rotterdam, Netherlands
5 Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195
6 Department of Cell Biology, German Research Center for Biotechnology, D-38124 Braunschweig, Germany

Correspondence to Didier Job: didier.job{at}cea.fr

Tubulin-tyrosine ligase (TTL), the enzyme that catalyzes the addition of a C-terminal tyrosine residue to {alpha}-tubulin in the tubulin tyrosination cycle, is involved in tumor progression and has a vital role in neuronal organization. We show that in mammalian fibroblasts, cytoplasmic linker protein (CLIP) 170 and other microtubule plus-end tracking proteins comprising a cytoskeleton-associated protein glycine-rich (CAP-Gly) microtubule binding domain such as CLIP-115 and p150 Glued, localize to the ends of tyrosinated microtubules but not to the ends of detyrosinated microtubules. In vitro, the head domains of CLIP-170 and of p150 Glued bind more efficiently to tyrosinated microtubules than to detyrosinated polymers. In TTL-null fibroblasts, tubulin detyrosination and CAP-Gly protein mislocalization correlate with defects in both spindle positioning during mitosis and cell morphology during interphase. These results indicate that tubulin tyrosination regulates microtubule interactions with CAP-Gly microtubule plus-end tracking proteins and provide explanations for the involvement of TTL in tumor progression and in neuronal organization.

Abbreviations used in this paper: CAP-Gly, cytoskeleton-associated protein glycine-rich; CLASP, CLIP-associating protein; CLIP, cytoplasmic linker protein; HD, head domain; MCAK, mitotic centromere-associated kinesin; MEF, mouse embryonic fibroblast; MT, microtubule; TTL, tubulin-tyrosine ligase; TCP, tubulin carboxypeptidase; WT, wild type.


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