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Published online 11 December 2006. doi:10.1083/jcb.200609172
The Rockefeller University Press, 0021-9525 $8.00
JCB, Volume 175, Number 6, 893-900
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Article

Stimulation of transit-peptide release and ATP hydrolysis by a cochaperone during protein import into chloroplasts



Ming-Lun Chou1, Chiung-Chih Chu1, Lih-Jen Chen1, Mitsuru Akita2,3, and Hsou-min Li1

1 Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
2 Faculty of Agriculture, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8566, Japan
3 Venture Business Laboratory, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan

Correspondence to Hsou-min Li: mbhmli{at}gate.sinica.edu.tw

Three components of the chloroplast protein translocon, Tic110, Hsp93 (ClpC), and Tic40, have been shown to be important for protein translocation across the inner envelope membrane into the stroma. We show the molecular interactions among these three components that facilitate processing and translocation of precursor proteins. Transit-peptide binding by Tic110 recruits Tic40 binding to Tic110, which in turn causes the release of transit peptides from Tic110, freeing the transit peptides for processing. The Tic40 C-terminal domain, which is homologous to the C terminus of cochaperones Sti1p/Hop and Hip but with no known function, stimulates adenosine triphosphate hydrolysis by Hsp93. Hsp93 dissociates from Tic40 in the presence of adenosine diphosphate, suggesting that Tic40 functions as an adenosine triphosphatase activation protein for Hsp93. Our data suggest that chloroplasts have evolved the Tic40 cochaperone to increase the efficiency of precursor processing and translocation.

M.-L. Chou and C.-C. Chu contributed equally to this paper.

M.-L. Chou's present address is Department and Institute of Life Science, Tzu-Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan.

Abbreviations used in this paper: AMP-PNP, adenylylimidodiphosphate; Hip, Hsp70-interacting protein; Hop, Hsp70/Hsp90-organizing protein; prFD, precursor to ferrodoxin; prRBCS, precursor to the small subunit of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase oxygenase; Tic, translocon at the inner envelope membrane of chloroplasts; Toc, translocon at the outer envelope membrane of chloroplasts; TPR, tetratricopeptide repeat.


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