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Published online
doi:10.1083/jcb.200705112
The Journal of Cell Biology, Vol. 179, No. 5, 895-909
The Rockefeller University Press, 0021-9525 $30.00
© Puhka et al.
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Article

Endoplasmic reticulum remains continuous and undergoes sheet-to-tubule transformation during cell division in mammalian cells



Maija Puhka, Helena Vihinen, Merja Joensuu, and Eija Jokitalo

Electron Microscopy Unit, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland

Correspondence to Eija Jokitalo: eija.jokitalo{at}helsinki.fi

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a multifaceted cellular organelle both structurally and functionally, and its cell cycle–dependent morphological changes are poorly understood. Our quantitative confocal and EM analyses show that the ER undergoes dramatic reorganization during cell division in cultured mammalian cells as mitotic ER profiles become shorter and more branched. 3D modeling by electron tomography reveals that the abundant interphase structures, sheets, are lost and subsequently transform into a branched tubular network that remains continuous. This is confirmed by observing the most prominent ER subdomain, the nuclear envelope (NE). A NE marker protein spreads to the mitotic ER tubules, although it does not show a homogenous distribution within the network. We mimicked the mitotic ER reorganization using puromycin to strip the membrane-bound ribosomes from the interphase ER corresponding to the observed loss of ribosomes normally occurring during mitosis. We propose that the structural changes in mitotic ER are linked to ribosomal action on the ER membranes.

Abbreviations used in this paper: ET, electron tomography; LBR, lamin beta receptor; NE, nuclear envelope; TEM, transmission electron microscopy.


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