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Published online January 21, 2008
doi:10.1083/jcb.200707083
The Journal of Cell Biology, Vol. 180, No. 2, 261-266
The Rockefeller University Press, 0021-9525 $30.00
© 2008 Yamashita et al.
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 Asymmetric centrosome behavior and the mechanisms of stem cell division

Yukiko M. Yamashita1,2 and Margaret T. Fuller3,4

1 Center for Stem Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, and 2 Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
3 Department of Developmental Biology and 4 Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305

Correspondence to Yukiko M. Yamashita: yukikomy{at}umich.edu; or Margaret T. Fuller: mtfuller{at}stanford.edu

The ability of dividing cells to produce daughters with different fates is an important developmental mechanism conserved from bacteria to fungi, plants, and metazoan animals. Asymmetric outcomes of a cell division can be specified by two general mechanisms: asymmetric segregation of intrinsic fate determinants or asymmetric placement of daughter cells into microenvironments that provide extrinsic signals that direct cells to different states. For both, spindle orientation must be coordinated with the localization of intrinsic determinants or source of extrinsic signals to achieve the proper asymmetric outcome. Recent work on spindle orientation in Drosophila melanogaster male germline stem cells and neuroblasts has brought into sharp focus the key role of differential centrosome behavior in developmentally programmed asymmetric division (for reviews see Cabernard, C., and C.Q. Doe. 2007. Curr. Biol. 17:R465–R467; Gonzalez, C. 2007. Nat. Rev. Genet. 8:462–472). These findings provide new insights and suggest intriguing new models for how cells coordinate spindle orientation with their cellular microenvironment to regulate and direct cell fate decisions within tissues.

Abbreviations used in this paper: APC, adenomatous polyposis coli; GMC, ganglion mother cell; GSC, germline stem cell; MTOC, microtubule-organizing center; SPB, spindle pole body.


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