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Published online
doi:10.1083/jcb.200806074
The Journal of Cell Biology, Vol. 184, No. 6, 805-815
The Rockefeller University Press, 0021-9525 $30.00
© Liu et al.
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Article

NF-{kappa}B and Snail1a coordinate the cell cycle with gastrulation



Xiaolin Liu1,2, Sizhou Huang1,2, Jun Ma1,2, Chun Li1,2, Yaoguang Zhang1, and Lingfei Luo1,2

1 Key Laboratory of Aquatic Organism Reproduction and Development, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, and 2 Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, School of Life Science, Southwest University, Beibei, 400715 Chongqing, China

Correspondence to Lingfei Luo: lluo{at}swu.edu.cn

The cell cycle needs to strictly coordinate with developmental processes to ensure correct generation of the body plan and different tissues. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the coordination remains largely unknown. In this study, we investigate how the cell cycle coordinates gastrulation cell movements in zebrafish. We present a system to modulate the cell cycle in early zebrafish embryos by manipulating the geminin-Cdt1 balance. Alterations of the cell cycle change the apoptotic level during gastrulation, which correlates with the nuclear level of antiapoptotic nuclear factor {kappa}B (NF-{kappa}B). NF-{kappa}B associates with the Snail1a promoter region on the chromatin and directly activates Snail1a, an important factor controlling cell delamination, which is the initial step of mesendodermal cell movements during gastrulation. In effect, the cell cycle coordinates the delamination of mesendodermal cells through the transcription of Snail1a. Our results suggest a molecular mechanism by which NF-{kappa}B and Snail1a coordinate the cell cycle through gastrulation.


Abbreviations used in this paper: bon, bonnie and clyde; CAT, chloramphenicol acetyl transferase; ChIP, chromatin immunoprecipitation; conMO, control morpholino; gsc, goosecoid; H3P, phosphorylated histone 3; hpf, hours post fertilization; MCM, minichromosome maintenance; mrGem, GemMO-resistant geminin; NF-{kappa}B, nuclear factor {kappa}B; ntl, no tail; Sn1-CAT, Snail1a promoter driving chloramphenicol acetyl transferase construct.

© 2009 Liu et al.
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