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The Journal of Cell Biology, Vol 60, 8-25, Copyright © 1974 by Rockefeller University Press

ARTICLE

CYTOCHEMISTRY OF GOLGI FRACTIONS PREPARED FROM RAT LIVER



Marilyn G. Farquhar 1, J. J. M. Bergeron 1, and George E. Palade 1

1 From The Rockefeller University, New York 10021.

Dr. Farquhar and Dr. Palade's present address is the Section of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510. Dr. Bergeron's present address is the National Institute for Medical Research, London, N.W. 7, England.

Cytochemical tests for several marker enzymes were applied to liver tissue and to the three Golgi fractions (GF1, GF2, GF3) separated by the procedure of Ehrenreich et al. from liver homogenates of alcohol-treated rats. 5'-Nucleotidase (AMPase) reaction product was found in all three fractions but in different locations: It occurred along the inside of the membrane of VLDL-filled vacuoles in GF1 and GF2, and along the outside of the cisternal membranes in GF3. In the latter it was restricted to the dilated cisternal rims and was absent from the cisternal centers. The AMPase activity found in the fractions by biochemical assay is therefore indigenous to Golgi components and is not due to contamination by plasma membrane. Acid phosphatase (AcPase) reaction product was detected within lysosomal contaminants in GF1 and within many VLDL-filled vacuoles in GF1 and GF2, indicating that AcPase activity is due not only to contaminating lysosomes, but also to enzyme indigenous to Golgi secretory vacuoles. G-6-Pase reaction product was present in GF3 and within contaminating endoplasmic reticulum fragments, but not in other fractions. Thiamine pyrophosphatase (TPPase) was localized to some of the VLDL-filled vacuoles and cisternae in GF1 and GF2, and was not found in the cisternae in GF3. The results demonstrate the usefulness of cytochemical methods in monitoring the fractionation procedure: They have (a) allowed a reliable identification of contaminants, (b) made possible a distinction between indigenous and contaminating activities, and (c) shown, primarily by the results of the TPPase test, that the procedure achieves a meaningful subfractionation of Golgi elements, with GF1 and GF3, representing primarily trans-Golgi elements from the secretory Golgi face, and GF3 consisting largely of cis-Golgi components from the opposite face.

Submitted on May 31, 1973
Revised on August 17, 1973


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