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Published 10 June 2002. doi:10.1083/jcb1576iti3
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© The Rockefeller University Press, 0021-9525/2002/6/905-a $5.00
The Journal of Cell Biology, Volume 157, Number 6, June 10, 2002 905-a-905

In This Issue

How fish oils work


{omega}-3 (right), but not {omega}-6 (left), fatty acids restore TGFßRII expression.

For years, epidemiologists and nutritionists have known that a diet high in the v-3 fatty acids found in fish oil correlates with a decreased risk of colon cancer. On page 915, Murray et al. explain why.

As colon carcinogenesis is accompanied by an increase in the expression of the lipid-dependent protein kinase CßII (PKCßII), the authors reasoned that {omega}-3 fatty acids might inhibit PKCßII signaling. Analysis of rat colonic epithelia and PKCßII transgenic mice demonstrated that {omega}-3 fatty acids block PKCßII activation and reduce the pro-carcinogenic effects of PKCßII in vitro and in vivo. PKCßII appears to repress the expression of transforming growth factor ß receptor II (TGFßRII), desensitizing cells to the growth-inhibiting effects of TGFß.

The results suggest that {omega}-3 fatty acids inhibit PKCßII, thus relieving the inhibition of TGFßRII expression. This renders colon epithelial cells sensitive to TGFß, and prevents or reverses the hyperproliferative state that leads to colon cancer. Dietary {omega}-3 fatty acids are also associated with preventing prostate and breast cancer and some neurological conditions, suggesting that PKCßII may be a promising target for multiple chemoprevention strategies. {blacksquare}



Alan W. Dove

alanwdove{at}earthlink.net


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Protein kinase C ßII and TGFßRII in {omega}-3 fatty acid–mediated inhibition of colon carcinogenesis
Nicole R. Murray, Capella Weems, Lu Chen, Jessica Leon, Wangsheng Yu, Laurie A. Davidson, Lee Jamieson, Robert S. Chapkin, E. Aubrey Thompson, and Alan P. Fields
J. Cell Biol. 2002 157: 915-920. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]




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