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Published 15 September 2003. doi:10.1083/jcb.200303023
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© The Rockefeller University Press, 0021-9525/2003/9/1079 $5.00
The Journal of Cell Biology, Volume 162, Number 6, 1079-1088


Article

Molecular requirements for actin-based lamella formation in Drosophila S2 cells



Stephen L. Rogers, Ursula Wiedemann, Nico Stuurman and Ronald D. Vale

Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94107

Address correspondence to Ron Vale, Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, N312 Genentech Hall, 600 16th Street, San Francisco, CA 94107. Tel.: (415) 476-6380. Fax: (415) 476-5233. email: vale{at}phy.ucsf.edu

Cell migration occurs through the protrusion of the actin-enriched lamella. Here, we investigated the effects of RNAi depletion of ~90 proteins implicated in actin function on lamella formation in Drosophila S2 cells. Similar to in vitro reconstitution studies of actin-based Listeria movement, we find that lamellae formation requires a relatively small set of proteins that participate in actin nucleation (Arp2/3 and SCAR), barbed end capping (capping protein), filament depolymerization (cofilin and Aip1), and actin monomer binding (profilin and cyclase-associated protein). Lamellae are initiated by parallel and partially redundant signaling pathways involving Rac GTPases and the adaptor protein Nck, which stimulate SCAR, an Arp2/3 activator. We also show that RNAi of three proteins (kette, Abi, and Sra-1) known to copurify with and inhibit SCAR in vitro leads to SCAR degradation, revealing a novel function of this protein complex in SCAR stability. Our results have identified an essential set of proteins involved in actin dynamics during lamella formation in Drosophila S2 cells.

Key Words: actin; lamella; polymerization; SCAR; cytokinesis


The online version of this article includes supplemental material.

Abbreviations used in this paper: CAP, cyclase-associated protein; con A, concanavalin A; VASP, vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein.


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